EXHIBIT 4.3
================================================================================
INDENTURE AMONG AMERICAN AXLE & MANUFACTURING, INC., AS ISSUER
AMERICAN AXLE & MANUFACTURING HOLDINGS, INC., AS GUARANTOR AND
THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, N.A., AS TRUSTEE
------------------------- Dated as of [ ] -------------------------
Providing for the Issuance of Debt Securities in Series
================================================================================
AMERICAN AXLE & MANUFACTURING, INC. Reconciliation and tie
between Trust Indenture Act of 1939 and Indenture, dated as of [
]
|
TRUST
INDENTURE ACT SECTION INDENTURE SECTION ----------------
------------------- Sec.
310(a)(1)................................................................
607
(a)(2)................................................................
607
(b)...................................................................
608 Sec.
312(c)...................................................................
701 Sec.
314(a)...................................................................
703
(a)(4)................................................................
1004
(c)(1)................................................................
102
(c)(2)................................................................
102
(e)...................................................................
102 Sec.
315(b)...................................................................
601 Sec. 316(a)(last
sentence).................................................... 101
("Outstanding")
(a)(1)(A).............................................................
502, 512
(a)(1)(B).............................................................
513
(b)...................................................................
508
(c)...................................................................
104(c) Sec.
317(a)(1)................................................................
503
(a)(2)................................................................
504
(b)...................................................................
1003 Sec.
318(a)...................................................................
111
|
|
---------- Note: This reconciliation and tie
shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be a part of the
Indenture. TABLE OF CONTENTS
|
Page
PARTIES..........................................................................................................
1 RECITALS OF THE
COMPANY..........................................................................................
1 ARTICLE ONE DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL
APPLICATION SECTION 101.
Definitions.........................................................................................
1 SECTION 102. Compliance Certificates and
Opinions................................................................
12 SECTION 103. Form of Documents Delivered to
Trustee..............................................................
13 SECTION 104. Acts of
Holders.....................................................................................
13 SECTION 105. Notices, etc. to Trustee, Company or the
Guarantor.................................................. 15
SECTION 106. Notice to Holders;
Waiver...........................................................................
15 SECTION 107. Effect of Headings and Table of
Contents............................................................
16 SECTION 108. Successors and
Assigns..............................................................................
17 SECTION 109. Separability
Clause.................................................................................
17 SECTION 110. Benefits of
Indenture...............................................................................
17 SECTION 111. Governing
Law.......................................................................................
17 SECTION 112. Legal
Holidays......................................................................................
17 SECTION 113. No
Recourse.........................................................................................
17 SECTION 114. Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture
Act................................................... 18 SECTION
115. Rules of
Construction...............................................................................
18 ARTICLE TWO SECURITY FORMS SECTION 201. Forms
Generally.....................................................................................
18 SECTION 202. Form of Trustee's Certificate of
Authentication.....................................................
19 SECTION 203. Securities Issuable in Global
Form..................................................................
19 ARTICLE THREE THE SECURITIES SECTION 301. Amount Unlimited;
Issuable in
Series................................................................
20 SECTION 302.
Denominations.......................................................................................
24 SECTION 303. Execution, Authentication, Delivery and
Dating...................................................... 24
SECTION 304. Temporary
Securities................................................................................
27 SECTION 305. Registration, Registration of Transfer and
Exchange.................................................
29
|
|
------------- Note: This table of contents
shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be a part of the
Indenture. i
|
SECTION 306. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and
Stolen
Securities.................................................... 33
SECTION 307. Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved;
Optional Interest Reset............................. 34 SECTION
308. Optional Extension of
Maturity......................................................................
36 SECTION 309. Persons Deemed
Owners...............................................................................
37 SECTION 310.
Cancellation........................................................................................
38 SECTION 311. Computation of
Interest.............................................................................
39 SECTION 312. Currency and Manner of Payments in Respect of
Securities............................................ 39 SECTION
313. Appointment and Resignation of Successor Exchange Rate
Agent........................................ 42 ARTICLE FOUR
SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE SECTION 401. Satisfaction and Discharge
of
Indenture.............................................................
43 SECTION 402. Application of Trust
Money..........................................................................
44 ARTICLE FIVE REMEDIES SECTION 501. Events of
Default...................................................................................
44 SECTION 502. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and
Annulment.................................................. 46
SECTION 503. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement
by Trustee..................................... 47 SECTION 504.
Trustee May File Proofs of
Claim....................................................................
48 SECTION 505. Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of
Securities......................................... 48 SECTION 506.
Application of Money
Collected......................................................................
49 SECTION 507. Limitation on
Suits.................................................................................
49 SECTION 508. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive
Principal, Premium and Interest........................... 50
SECTION 509. Restoration of Rights and
Remedies..................................................................
50 SECTION 510. Rights and Remedies
Cumulative......................................................................
50 SECTION 511. Delay or Omission Not
Waiver........................................................................
50 SECTION 512. Control by
Holders..................................................................................
51 SECTION 513. Waiver of Past
Defaults.............................................................................
51 SECTION 514. Undertaking for
Costs...............................................................................
52 SECTION 515. Waiver of Stay or Extension
Laws....................................................................
52 ARTICLE SIX THE TRUSTEE SECTION 601. Notice of
Defaults..................................................................................
52 SECTION 602. Certain Duties, Responsibilities and Rights of
Trustee.............................................. 53 SECTION
603. Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of
Securities...................................... 55 SECTION 604.
May Hold
Securities.................................................................................
55 SECTION 605. Money Held in
Trust.................................................................................
55 SECTION 606. Compensation and
Reimbursement......................................................................
55 SECTION 607. Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility;
Conflicting Interests; Disqualification....................
56
|
ii
|
SECTION 608. Resignation and Removal;
Appointment of
Successor................................................... 57
SECTION 609. Acceptance of Appointment by
Successor..............................................................
58 SECTION 610. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to
Business......................................... 59 SECTION 611.
Appointment of Authenticating
Agent.................................................................
60 ARTICLE SEVEN HOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE, COMPANY AND
GUARANTOR SECTION 701. Disclosure of Names and Addresses of
Holders........................................................ 61
SECTION 702. Reports by
Trustee..................................................................................
61 SECTION 703. Reports by
Company..................................................................................
62 ARTICLE EIGHT CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, CONVEYANCE, TRANSFER OR
LEASE SECTION 801. Company and Guarantor May Consolidate, etc.,
Only on Certain Terms.................................. 63 SECTION
802. Successor Person
Substituted........................................................................
63 ARTICLE NINE SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES SECTION 901. Supplemental
Indentures Without Consent of
Holders.................................................. 64
SECTION 902. Supplemental Indentures with Consent of
Holders..................................................... 65
SECTION 903. Execution of Supplemental
Indentures................................................................
66 SECTION 904. Effect of Supplemental
Indentures...................................................................
66 SECTION 905. Conformity with Trust Indenture
Act.................................................................
66 SECTION 906. Reference in Securities to Supplemental
Indentures.................................................. 66
SECTION 907. Notice of Supplemental
Indentures...................................................................
67 SECTION 908. Effect on Senior
Indebtedness.......................................................................
67 ARTICLE TEN COVENANTS SECTION 1001. Payment of Principal,
Premium, if Any, and
Interest................................................ 67 SECTION
1002. Maintenance of Office or
Agency....................................................................
67 SECTION 1003. Money for Securities Payments to Be Held in
Trust.................................................. 68 SECTION
1004. Statement by Officers as to
Default................................................................
69 SECTION 1005.
Existence..........................................................................................
70 SECTION 1006. Limitation on
Liens................................................................................
70 SECTION 1007. Limitation on Sale and Leaseback
Transactions......................................................
71 SECTION 1008. SEC and Other
Reports..............................................................................
72 SECTION 1009. Further Instruments and
Acts.......................................................................
72 SECTION 1010. Calculation of Original Issue
Discount.............................................................
72
|
iii
|
SECTION 1011. Additional
Amounts.................................................................................
72 SECTION 1012. Waiver of Certain
Covenants........................................................................
73 ARTICLE ELEVEN REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES SECTION 1101.
Applicability of
Article...........................................................................
74 SECTION 1102. Election to Redeem; Notice to
Trustee..............................................................
74 SECTION 1103. Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be
Redeemed.................................................. 74
SECTION 1104. Notice of
Redemption...............................................................................
75 SECTION 1105. Deposit of Redemption
Price........................................................................
76 SECTION 1106. Securities Payable on Redemption
Date..............................................................
76 SECTION 1107. Securities Redeemed in
Part........................................................................
77 ARTICLE TWELVE SINKING FUNDS SECTION 1201. Applicability of
Article...........................................................................
77 SECTION 1202. Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with
Securities.............................................. 78 SECTION
1203. Redemption of Securities for Sinking
Fund.......................................................... 78
ARTICLE THIRTEEN REPAYMENT AT OPTION OF HOLDERS SECTION 1301.
Applicability of
Article...........................................................................
79 SECTION 1302. Repayment of
Securities............................................................................
79 SECTION 1303. Exercise of
Option.................................................................................
79 SECTION 1304. When Securities Presented for Repayment Become Due
and Payable..................................... 80 SECTION 1305.
Securities Repaid in
Part..........................................................................
81 ARTICLE FOURTEEN DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE SECTION
1401. Company's Option to Effect Defeasance or Covenant
Defeasance....................................... 81 SECTION 1402.
Defeasance and
Discharge...........................................................................
81 SECTION 1403. Covenant
Defeasance................................................................................
82 SECTION 1404. Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant
Defeasance.................................................... 82
SECTION 1405. Deposited Money and Government Obligations to Be Held
in Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions..... 84 SECTION 1406.
Reinstatement......................................................................................
85
|
iv
|
ARTICLE FIFTEEN MEETINGS OF HOLDERS OF
SECURITIES SECTION 1501. Purposes for Which Meetings May Be
Called.......................................................... 85
SECTION 1502. Call, Notice and Place of
Meetings.................................................................
85 SECTION 1503. Persons Entitled to Vote at
Meetings...............................................................
85 SECTION 1504. Quorum;
Action.....................................................................................
86 SECTION 1505. Determination of Voting Rights; Conduct and
Adjournment of Meetings................................ 87 SECTION
1506. Counting Votes and Recording Action of
Meetings.................................................... 88
ARTICLE SIXTEEN GUARANTEE SECTION 1601.
Guarantee..........................................................................................
88 SECTION 1602.
Severability.......................................................................................
90 SECTION 1603. Priority of
Guarantee..............................................................................
90 SECTION 1604. Limitation of Guarantor's
Liability................................................................
90 SECTION 1605.
Subrogation........................................................................................
90 SECTION 1606.
Reinstatement......................................................................................
90 SECTION 1607. Release of the
Guarantor...........................................................................
90 SECTION 1608. Benefits
Acknowledged..............................................................................
91
|
EXHIBIT A FORMS OF CERTIFICATION v INDENTURE,
dated as of [ ], among American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc., a
Delaware corporation (the "Company"), having its principal office
at One Dauch Drive, Detroit, Michigan 48211-1198, American Axle
& Manufacturing HOLDINGS, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the
"Guarantor" and "Holdings"), as Guarantor, and The Bank of New York
Mellon Trust Company, N.A., a New York banking corporation, as
Trustee (herein called the "Trustee"). RECITALS OF THE COMPANY
WHEREAS, the Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery
of this Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of
its senior or subordinated debentures, notes or other evidences of
indebtedness which may be secured or unsecured (herein called the
"Securities"), which may be convertible into or exchangeable for
any securities of any person (including the Company), to be issued
in one or more series as in this Indenture provided; and WHEREAS,
the Guarantor desires with respect to Securities of certain series
issued under this Indenture to make the Guarantees provided for
herein; and WHEREAS, this Indenture is subject to the provisions of
the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, that are required to
be part of this Indenture, and shall be governed by such
provisions; provided that if any provision of this Indenture
modifies any TIA provision that may be so modified, such TIA
provision shall be deemed to apply to this Indenture as so
modified; provided further that if any provision of this Indenture
excludes any TIA provision that may be so excluded, such TIA
provision shall be excluded from this Indenture; and WHEREAS, all
things necessary to make this Indenture a valid agreement of the
Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done. NOW,
THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH: For and in consideration of
the premises and the purchase of the Securities by the Holders
thereof, it is mutually covenanted and agreed, for the equal and
proportionate benefit of all Holders of the Securities or of series
thereof, as follows: ARTICLE ONE DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS
OF GENERAL APPLICATION SECTION 101. Definitions. "Act", when used
with respect to any Holder, has the meaning specified in Section
104. "Additional Amounts" has the meaning specified in Section
1011. "Adjusted Treasury Rate" means, with respect to any date of
redemption, the rate per annum equal to the semi-annual equivalent
yield to maturity of the Comparable Treasury Issue, assuming a
price for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed as a percentage
of its principal amount) equal to the Comparable Treasury Price for
that date of redemption. "Affiliate" of any specified Person means
any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled
by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified
Person. For purposes of this definition, "control," as used with
respect to any Person, shall mean the possession, directly or
indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the
management or policies of such Person, whether through the
ownership of voting securities, by agreement or otherwise. For
purposes of this definition, the terms "controlling," "controlled
by" and "under common control with" shall have correlative
meanings. "Attributable Debt" means, when used in respect of any
Sale and Leaseback Transaction, as of the time of determination,
the total obligation (discounted to present value at the rate per
annum equal to the discount rate which would be applicable to a
capital lease obligation with like term in accordance with GAAP) of
the lessee for rental payments (other than amounts required to be
paid on account of property taxes, maintenance, repairs, insurance,
water rates and other items which do not constitute payments for
property rights) during the remaining portion of the initial term
of the lease included in such Sale and Leaseback Transaction.
"Authenticating Agent" means any Person appointed by the Trustee to
act on behalf of the Trustee pursuant to Section 611 to
authenticate Securities. "Authorized Newspaper" means a newspaper,
in the English language or in an official language of the country
of publication, customarily published on each Business Day, whether
or not published on Saturdays, Sundays or holidays, and of general
circulation in each place in connection with which the term is used
or in the financial community of each such place. Where successive
publications are required to be made in Authorized Newspapers, the
successive publications may be made in the same or in different
newspapers in the same city meeting the foregoing requirements and
in each case on any Business Day. "Bankruptcy Law" means Title 11,
U.S. Code or any similar federal or state law for the relief of
debtors. "Bearer Security" means any Security except a Registered
Security. "Board of Directors" means (i) with respect to a
corporation, the board of directors of the corporation; (ii) with
respect to a partnership, the Board of Directors of the general
partner of the partnership; and (iii) with respect to any other
Person, the board or committee of such Person serving a similar
function. "Board Resolution" means a copy of a resolution certified
by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company or the
Guarantor, as the case may be, to have been duly adopted by the
Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date
of such certification, and delivered to the Trustee. "Business Day"
means, when used with respect to any Place of Payment or any other
particular location referred to in this Indenture or in the
Securities, unless otherwise specified with respect to any
Securities pursuant to Section 301, each Monday, Tuesday,
Wednesday, Thursday and Friday which is not a day on which banking
institutions in that Place of Payment or other location are
authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close. 2
"Clearstream" means Clearstream, societe anonyme, or its successor.
"Commission" or "SEC" means the Securities and Exchange Commission,
as from time to time constituted, created under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, or, if at any time after the execution of
this Indenture such Commission is not existing and performing the
duties now assigned to it under the Trust Indenture Act, then the
body performing such duties at such time. "Common Depositary" has
the meaning specified in Section 304. "Company" means the Person
named as the "Company" in the first paragraph of this Indenture
until a successor Person shall have become such pursuant to the
applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter "Company"
shall mean such successor Person. "Company Request" or "Company
Order" means a written request or order signed in the name of the
Company by one Officer of the Company and delivered to the Trustee.
"Consolidated Current Liabilities" means the aggregate of the
current liabilities of Holdings appearing on the most recent
available consolidated balance sheet of Holdings, all in accordance
with GAAP. In no event shall Consolidated Current Liabilities
include any obligation of Holdings or its Subsidiaries issued under
a revolving credit or similar agreement if the obligation issued
under such agreement matures by its terms within 12 months from the
date thereof but by the terms of such agreement such obligation may
be renewed or extended or the amount thereof reborrowed or refunded
at the option of Holdings, the Company or any Subsidiary for a term
in excess of 12 months from the date of determination.
"Consolidated Net Tangible Assets" means Consolidated Tangible
Assets after deduction of Consolidated Current Liabilities.
"Consolidated Tangible Assets" means the aggregate of all assets of
Holdings (including the value of all existing Sale and Leaseback
Transactions and any assets resulting from the capitalization of
other long-term lease obligations in accordance with GAAP)
appearing on the most recent available consolidated balance sheet
of Holdings at their net book values, after deducting related
depreciation, applicable allowances and other properly deductible
items, and after deducting all goodwill, trademarks, tradenames,
patents, unamortized debt discount and expenses and other like
intangibles, all prepared in accordance with GAAP. "Conversion
Date" has the meaning specified in Section 312(d). "Conversion
Event" means the cessation of use of a Foreign Currency both by the
government of one or more countries or by any recognized union,
association or confederation of governments that issued such
currency and by a central bank or other public institution of or
within the international banking community for the settlement of
transactions. "Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee" means the
principal corporate trust office of the Trustee, at which at any
particular time its corporate trust business shall be administered,
which office on the date of execution of this Indenture is located
at [ ], except that with respect to presentation of Securities for
payment or for registration of transfer or 3 exchange, such term
shall mean the office or agency of the Trustee at which, at any
particular time, its corporate agency business shall be conducted.
"corporation" includes corporations, associations, companies and
business or statutory trusts. "coupon" means any interest coupon
appertaining to a Bearer Security. "Currency" means any currency,
composite currency or currency unit, including, without limitation,
the Euro, issued by the government of one or more countries or by
any recognized union, confederation or association of such
governments. "Debt" has the meaning set forth in Section 1006.
"Default" means any event that is, or with the passage of time or
the giving of notice or both would be, an Event of Default.
"Defaulted Interest" has the meaning specified in Section 307.
"Depositary" means, with respect to Registered Securities of any
series, for which the Company shall determine that such Registered
Securities will be issued in permanent global form, The Depository
Trust Company, New York, New York, another clearing agency, or any
successor registered as a clearing agency under the Securities and
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), or other
applicable statute or regulations, which in each case, shall be
designated by the Company pursuant to Section 301. "Dollar" or "$"
means a dollar or other equivalent unit in such coin or currency of
the United States of America as at the time shall be legal tender
for the payment of public and private debts. "Dollar Equivalent of
the Currency Unit" has the meaning specified in Section 312(g).
"Dollar Equivalent of the Foreign Currency" has the meaning
specified in Section 312(f). "Election Date" has the meaning
specified in Section 312(h). "Euro" means the basic unit of
currency among participating European Union countries, as revised
or replaced from time to time. "Euroclear" means Euroclear Bank
S.A./N.V. as operator of Euroclear System, and any successor
thereto. "European Union" means the European Economic Community,
the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Atomic
Energy Community, as may be modified from time to time. 4 "Event of
Default" has the meaning specified in Section 501. "Exchange Date"
has the meaning specified in Section 304. "Exchange Rate Agent"
means, with respect to Securities of or within any series, unless
otherwise specified with respect to any Securities pursuant to
Section 301, a New York Clearing House bank, designated pursuant to
Section 301 or Section 313. "Exchange Rate Officer's Certificate"
means a certificate setting forth (i) the applicable Market
Exchange Rate and (ii) the Dollar or Foreign Currency amounts of
principal (and premium, if any) and interest, if any (on an
aggregate basis and on the basis of a Security having the lowest
denomination principal amount determined in accordance with Section
302 in the relevant Currency), payable with respect to a Security
of any series on the basis of such Market Exchange Rate, signed by
the Treasurer or any Vice President of the Company. "Extension
Notice" has the meaning specified in Section 308. "Extension
Period" has the meaning specified in Section 308. "Federal
Bankruptcy Code" means the Bankruptcy Act of Title 11 of the United
States Code, as amended from time to time. "Foreign Currency" means
any Currency other than Currency of the United States. "Funded
Debt" means all Debt having a maturity of more than 12 months from
the date as of which the determination is made or having a maturity
of 12 months or less but by its terms being renewable or extendable
beyond 12 months from such date at the option of the borrower, but
excluding any such Debt owed to the Company, the Guarantor or a
Subsidiary. "GAAP" means generally accepted accounting principles
set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting
Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public
Accountants and statements and pronouncements of the Financial
Accounting Standards Board or in such other statements by such
other entity as have been approved by a significant segment of the
accounting profession which are in effect on the date of this
Indenture. "Government Obligations" means, unless otherwise
specified with respect to any series of Securities pursuant to
Section 301, securities which are (i) direct obligations of the
government which issued the Currency in which the Securities of a
particular series are payable or (ii) obligations of a Person
controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or
instrumentality of the government which issued the Currency in
which the Securities of such series are payable, the payment of
which is unconditionally guaranteed by such government, which, in
either case, are full faith and credit obligations of such
government payable in such Currency and are not callable or
redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof and shall also
include a depository receipt issued by a bank or trust company as
custodian with respect to any such Government Obligation or a
specific payment of interest on or principal of any such Government
Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of
a depository receipt; provided that (except as required by law)
such custodian is not authorized to make any 5 deduction from the
amount payable to the holder of such depository receipt from any
amount received by the custodian in respect of the Government
Obligation or the specific payment of interest or principal of the
Government Obligation evidenced by such depository receipt.
"guarantee" means a guarantee (other than by endorsement of
negotiable instruments for collection in the ordinary course of
business), direct or indirect, in any manner (including, without
limitation, letters of credit and reimbursement agreements in
respect thereof), of all or any part of any Indebtedness or other
obligations. "Guarantee" means any guarantee of the Guarantor
endorsed on a Security authenticated and delivered pursuant to this
Indenture and shall include the Guarantees set forth in Section
1601. "Guarantor" means the Person named as the "Guarantor" in the
first paragraph of this Indenture until a successor Person shall
have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this
Indenture, and thereafter "Guarantor" shall mean such successor
Person. "Guarantor Obligations" shall have the meaning provided in
Section 1601. "Guarantor Request" or "Guarantor Order" means a
written request or order signed in the name of the Guarantor by one
Officer of the Guarantor, and delivered to the Trustee. "Holder"
means, in the case of a Registered Security, the Person in whose
name a Security is registered in the Security Register and, in the
case of a Bearer Security, the bearer thereof and, when used with
respect to any coupon, shall mean the bearer thereof. "Holdings"
means American Axle & Manufacturing Holdings, Inc., a Delaware
Corporation. "Indebtedness" means (1) any liability of any Person
(a) for borrowed money, or (b) evidenced by a bond, note, debenture
or similar instrument (including purchase money obligations but
excluding Trade Payables), or (c) for the payment of money relating
to a lease that is required to be classified as a capitalized lease
obligation in accordance with GAAP; (2) preferred or preference
stock of a Subsidiary of the Company held by Persons other than the
Company or a Subsidiary of the Company; (3) any liability of others
described in the preceding clause (1) that the Person has
guaranteed, that is recourse to such Person or that is otherwise
its legal liability; and (4) any amendment, supplement,
modification, deferral, renewal, extension or refunding of any
liability of the types referred to in clauses (1), (2) and (3)
above. "Indenture" means this instrument as originally executed and
as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or
more indentures supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the
applicable provisions hereof, and shall include the terms of
particular series of Securities established as contemplated by
Section 301; provided, however, that, if at any time more than one
Person is acting as Trustee under this instrument, "Indenture"
shall mean, with respect to any one or more series of Securities
for which such Person is Trustee, this instrument as originally
executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended
by one or more indentures supplemental hereto entered into pursuant
to the applicable provisions hereof 6 and shall include the terms
of particular series of Securities for which such Person is Trustee
established as contemplated by Section 301, exclusive, however, of
any provisions or terms which relate solely to other series of
Securities for which such Person is not Trustee, regardless of when
such terms or provisions were adopted, and exclusive of any
provisions or terms adopted by means of one or more indentures
supplemental hereto executed and delivered after such Person had
become such Trustee but to which such Person, as such Trustee, was
not a party. "Indexed Security" means a Security the terms of which
provide that the principal amount thereof payable at the Stated
Maturity may be more or less than the principal face amount thereof
at original issuance. "interest" means, when used with respect to
an Original Issue Discount Security the rate prescribed in such
Original Issue Discount Security. "Interest Payment Date" means,
when used with respect to any Security, the Maturity of an
installment of interest on such Security. "Lien" means, with
respect to any asset, any mortgage, lien, pledge, charge, security
interest or encumbrance of any kind in respect of such asset,
whether or not filed, recorded or otherwise perfected under
applicable law, including any conditional sale or other title
retention agreement, any lease in the nature thereof, any option or
other agreement to sell or give a security interest in and any
filing of or agreement to give any financing statement under the
Uniform Commercial Code (or equivalent statutes) of any
jurisdiction. "Market Exchange Rate" means, unless otherwise
specified with respect to any Securities pursuant to Section 301,
(i) for any conversion involving a currency unit on the one hand
and Dollars or any Foreign Currency on the other, the exchange rate
between the relevant currency unit and Dollars or such Foreign
Currency calculated by the method specified pursuant to Section 301
for the Securities of the relevant series, (ii) for any conversion
of Dollars into any Foreign Currency, the noon (New York City time)
buying rate for such Foreign Currency for cable transfers quoted in
New York City as certified for customs purposes by the Federal
Reserve Bank of New York and (iii) for any conversion of one
Foreign Currency into Dollars or another Foreign Currency, the spot
rate at noon local time in the relevant market at which, in
accordance with normal banking procedures, the Dollars or Foreign
Currency into which conversion is being made could be purchased
with the Foreign Currency from which conversion is being made from
major banks located in either New York City, London or any other
principal market for Dollars or such purchased Foreign Currency, in
each case determined by the Exchange Rate Agent. Unless otherwise
specified with respect to any Securities pursuant to Section 301,
in the event of the unavailability of any of the exchange rates
provided for in the foregoing clauses (i), (ii) and (iii), the
Exchange Rate Agent shall use, in its sole discretion and without
liability on its part, such quotation of the Federal Reserve Bank
of New York as of the most recent available date, or quotations
from one or more major banks in New York City, London or another
principal market for the Currency in question, or such other
quotations as the Exchange Rate Agent shall deem appropriate.
Unless otherwise specified by the Exchange Rate Agent, if there is
more than one market for dealing in any Currency by reason of
foreign exchange regulations or otherwise, the market to be used in
respect of such Currency shall be 7 that upon which a non-resident
issuer of securities designated in such Currency would purchase
such Currency in order to make payments in respect of such
securities. "Maturity" means, when used with respect to any
Security, the date on which the principal of such Security or any
installment of principal becomes due and payable as therein or
herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration
of acceleration, notice of redemption, notice of option to elect
repayment, notice of exchange or conversion, or otherwise.
"Mortgage" means, with respect to any property or assets, any
mortgage or deed of trust, pledge, hypothecation, assignment,
security interest, lien, encumbrance, or any other security
arrangement of any kind or nature whatsoever on or with respect to
such property or assets (including any conditional sale or other
title retention agreement having substantially the same economic
effect as any of the foregoing). "Officer" means, with respect to
any Person, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer,
the President, the Chief Operating Officer, the Chief Financial
Officer, the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer, the Controller,
the Secretary or any Vice-President of such Person. "Officers'
Certificate" means a certificate signed on behalf of the Company by
two Officers of the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be,
one of whom must be the principal executive officer, the principal
financial officer, the treasurer, or the principal accounting
officer of the Company, that meets the requirements of Section 102
hereof. "Operating Property" means any real property or equipment
located in the United States owned by, or leased to, the Company,
Holdings or any Subsidiary that has a market value in excess of
1.0% of Consolidated Net Tangible Assets. "Opinion of Counsel"
means a written opinion of counsel, who may be counsel for the
Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, including an employee
of the Company or the Guarantor, and who shall be acceptable to the
Trustee. "Original Issue Discount Security" means any Security
which provides for an amount less than the principal amount thereof
to be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration of the
Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502. "Outstanding" means, when
used with respect to Securities, as of the date of determination,
all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered under this
Indenture, except: (i) Securities theretofore cancelled by the
Trustee or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; (ii)
Securities, or portions thereof, for whose payment or redemption or
repayment at the option of the Holder money in the necessary amount
has been theretofore deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent
(other than the Company or the Guarantor) in trust or set aside and
segregated in trust by the Company or the Guarantor (if the Company
or the Guarantor, as the case may be, shall act as its own Paying
Agent) for the Holders of such Securities and any coupons
appertaining thereto; 8 provided that, if such Securities are to be
redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly given pursuant to
this Indenture or provision therefor satisfactory to the Trustee
has been made; (iii) Securities, except to the extent provided in
Sections 1402 and 1403, with respect to which the Company has
effected defeasance and/or covenant defeasance as provided in
Article Fourteen; and (iv) Securities which have been paid pursuant
to Section 306 or in exchange for or in lieu of which other
Securities have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to this
Indenture, other than any such Securities in respect of which there
shall have been presented to the Trustee proof satisfactory to it
that such Securities are held by a bona fide purchaser in whose
hands such Securities are valid obligations of the Company;
provided, however, that in determining whether the Holders of the
requisite principal amount of the Outstanding Securities have given
any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or
waiver hereunder or are present at a meeting of Holders for quorum
purposes, and for the purpose of making the calculations required
by TIA Section 313, (i) the principal amount of an Original Issue
Discount Security that may be counted in making such determination
or calculation and that shall be deemed to be Outstanding for such
purpose shall be equal to the amount of principal thereof that
would be (or shall have been declared to be) due and payable, at
the time of such determination, upon a declaration of acceleration
of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502, (ii) the principal
amount of any Security denominated in a Foreign Currency that may
be counted in making such determination or calculation and that
shall be deemed Outstanding for such purpose shall be equal to the
Dollar equivalent, determined as of the date such Security is
originally issued by the Company as set forth in an Exchange Rate
Officer's Certificate delivered to the Trustee, of the principal
amount (or, in the case of an Original Issue Discount Security, the
Dollar equivalent as of such date of original issuance of the
amount determined as provided in clause (i) above) of such
Security, (iii) the principal amount of any Indexed Security that
may be counted in making such determination or calculation and that
shall be deemed outstanding for such purpose shall be equal to the
principal face amount of such Indexed Security at original
issuance, unless otherwise provided with respect to such Security
pursuant to Section 301, and (iv) Securities owned by the Company
or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the
Company or of such other obligor shall be disregarded and deemed
not to be Outstanding, except that, in determining whether the
Trustee shall be protected in making such calculation or in relying
upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent or waiver or upon any such determination as to the presence
of a quorum, only Securities which a Responsible Officer of the
Trustee actually knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded.
Securities so owned which have been pledged in good faith may be
regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the
satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee's right so to act with
respect to such Securities and that the pledgee is not the Company
or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the
Company or such other obligor. "Paying Agent" means any Person
(including the Company or the Guarantor acting as Paying Agent)
authorized by the Company to pay the principal of (or premium, if
any) or interest, if any, on any Securities on behalf of the
Company. 9 "Person" means any individual, corporation, partnership,
joint venture, trust, unincorporated organization or government or
any agency or political subdivision thereof. "Place of Payment"
means, when used with respect to the Securities of or within any
series, the place or places (which, in the case of Bearer
Securities, shall be outside the United States) where the principal
of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on such Securities
are payable as specified as contemplated by Sections 301 and 1002.
"Predecessor Security" of any particular Security means every
previous Security evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as
that evidenced by such particular Security; and, for the purposes
of this definition, any Security authenticated and delivered under
Section 306 in exchange for or in lieu of a mutilated, destroyed,
lost or stolen Security or a Security to which a mutilated,
destroyed, lost or stolen coupon appertains shall be deemed to
evidence the same debt as the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen
Security or the Security to which the mutilated, destroyed, lost or
stolen coupon appertains, as the case may be. "Redemption Date",
when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, in whole or
in part, means the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to
this Indenture. "Redemption Price" means, when used with respect to
any security to be redeemed, the price at which it is to be
redeemed pursuant to this Indenture. "Registered Security" means
any Security registered in the Security Register. "Regular Record
Date" for the interest payable on any Interest Payment Date on the
Registered Securities of or within any series means the date
specified for that purpose as contemplated by Section 301.
"Repayment Date" means, when used with respect to any Security to
be repaid at the option of the Holder, the date fixed for such
repayment pursuant to this Indenture. "Repayment Price" means, when
used with respect to any Security to be repaid at the option of the
Holder, the price at which it is to be repaid pursuant to this
Indenture. "Responsible Officer" means, when used with respect to
the Trustee, any officer of the Trustee within the Corporate Trust
Office of the Trustee (or any successor group of the Trustee) who
has direct responsibility for administration of this Indenture and,
for purposes of Section 601 or subparagraph (3)(b) of the first
paragraph of Section 602 hereof, also includes any other officer to
whom such matter is referred because of such officer's knowledge of
and familiarity with the particular subject. "Restricted
Subsidiary" means any Subsidiary (excluding the Company) that owns
Operating Property. "Sale and Leaseback Transaction" means any
arrangement with any Person providing for the leasing to the
Company, the Guarantor or any Subsidiary of any Operating Property,
which Operating Property has been or is to be sold or transferred
by the Company, Holdings or such Subsidiary to such Person. 10
"Securities" has the meaning stated in the first recital of this
Indenture and more particularly means any Securities authenticated
and delivered under this Indenture; provided, however, that if at
any time there is more than one Person acting as Trustee under this
Indenture, "Securities" with respect to the Indenture as to which
such Person is Trustee shall have the meaning stated in the first
recital of this Indenture and shall more particularly mean
Securities authenticated and delivered under this Indenture,
exclusive, however, of Securities of any series as to which such
Person is not Trustee. "Security Register" and "Security Registrar"
have the respective meanings specified in Section 305. "Senior
Indebtedness" means the principal of (and premium, if any) and
unpaid interest on (x) indebtedness of the Company (including
indebtedness of others guaranteed by the Company), whether
outstanding on the date hereof or thereafter created, incurred,
assumed or guaranteed, for money borrowed other than (a) any
indebtedness of the Company which when incurred and without respect
to any election under Section 1111(b) of the Federal Bankruptcy
Code, was without recourse to the Company, (b) any Indebtedness of
the Company to any of its subsidiaries, (c) Indebtedness to any
employee of the Company, (d) any liability for taxes and (e) Trade
Payables, unless in the instrument creating or evidencing the same
or pursuant to which the same is outstanding it is provided that
such indebtedness is not senior or prior in right of payment to the
Securities, and (y) renewals, extensions, modifications and
refundings of any such indebtedness. This definition may be
modified or superseded by a supplemental indenture. "Significant
Subsidiary" means any Subsidiary that would constitute a
"significant subsidiary" within the meaning of Article 1 of
Regulation S-X of the Securities Act of 1933 as in effect on the
date of this Indenture. "Special Record Date" for the payment of
any Defaulted Interest on the Registered Securities of or within
any series means a date fixed by the Trustee pursuant to Section
307. "Stated Maturity" has the meaning specified in Section 308.
"Subsidiary" means any corporation of which at least a majority of
the outstanding stock having by the terms thereof ordinary voting
power for the election of directors of such corporation
(irrespective of whether or not at the time stock of any other
class or classes of such corporation shall have or might have
voting power by reason of the happening of any contingency) is at
the time directly or indirectly owned by the Company, Holdings or
by one or more other Subsidiaries, or by the Company, Holdings and
one or more other Subsidiaries. "Trade Payables" means accounts
payable or any other Indebtedness or monetary obligations to trade
creditors created or assumed in the ordinary course of business in
connection with the obtaining of materials or services. "Trust
Indenture Act" or "TIA" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as in
force at the date as of which this Indenture was executed, except
as provided in Section 905. 11 "Trustee" means the Person named as
the "Trustee" in the first paragraph of this Indenture until a
successor Trustee shall have become such pursuant to the applicable
provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter "Trustee" shall mean
or include each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder; provided,
however, that if at any time there is more than one such Person,
"Trustee" as used with respect to the Securities of any series
shall mean only the Trustee with respect to Securities of that
series. "United States" means, unless otherwise specified with
respect to any Securities pursuant to Section 301, the United
States of America (including the states and the District of
Columbia), its territories, its possessions and other areas subject
to its jurisdiction. "United States person" means, unless otherwise
specified with respect to any Securities pursuant to Section 301,
an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States, a
corporation, partnership or other entity created or organized in or
under the laws of the United States or an estate or trust the
income of which is subject to United States federal income taxation
regardless of its source. "Valuation Date" has the meaning
specified in Section 312(c). "Vice President", when used with
respect to the Company or the Trustee, means any vice president,
whether or not designated by a number or a word or words added
before or after the title "vice president". "Voting Stock" means
stock of the class or classes having general voting power under
ordinary circumstances to elect at least a majority of the board of
directors, managers or trustees of a corporation (irrespective of
whether or not at the time stock of any other class or classes
shall have or might have voting power by reason of the happening of
any contingency). "Yield to Maturity" means the yield to maturity,
computed at the time of issuance of a Security (or, if applicable,
at the most recent redetermination of interest on such Security)
and as set forth in such Security in accordance with generally
accepted United States bond yield computation principles. SECTION
102. Compliance Certificates and Opinions. Upon any application or
request by the Company or the Guarantor to the Trustee to take any
action under any provision of this Indenture, the Company or the
Guarantor, as the case may be, shall furnish to the Trustee an
Officer's Certificate stating that all conditions precedent, if
any, provided for in this Indenture (including any covenant
compliance with which constitutes a condition precedent) relating
to the proposed action have been complied with and an Opinion of
Counsel stating that in the opinion of such counsel all such
conditions precedent, if any, have been complied with, except that
in the case of any such application or request as to which the
furnishing of such documents is specifically required by any
provision of this Indenture relating to such particular application
or request, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished.
Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a
covenant or condition provided for in this Indenture (other than
pursuant to Section 1004) shall include: 12 (1) a statement that
each individual signing such certificate or opinion has read such
covenant or condition and the definitions herein relating thereto;
(2) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination
or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in
such certificate or opinion are based; (3) a statement that, in the
opinion of each such individual, he has made such examination or
investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed
opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been
complied with; and (4) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of
each such individual, such covenant or condition has been complied
with. SECTION 103. Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee. In any
case where several matters are required to be certified by, or
covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary
that all such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion
of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified or covered
by only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an
opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such
Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or
give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents. Any
certificate or opinion of an officer of the Company or the
Guarantor may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters,
upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, counsel,
unless such officer knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care
should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations
with respect to the matters upon which his certificate or opinion
is based are erroneous. Any such certificate or Opinion of Counsel
may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a
certificate or opinion of, or representations by, an officer or
officers of the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be,
stating that the information with respect to such factual matters
is in the possession of the Company or the Guarantor, as the case
may be, unless such counsel knows, or in the exercise of reasonable
care should know, that the certificate or opinion or
representations with respect to such matters are erroneous. Where
any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more
applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements,
opinions or other instruments under this Indenture, they may, but
need not, be consolidated and form one instrument. SECTION 104.
Acts of Holders. Any request, demand, authorization, direction,
notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture
to be given or taken by Holders of the Outstanding Securities of
all series or one or more series, as the case may be, may be
embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of
substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by
agents duly appointed in writing. If Securities of a series are
issuable as Bearer Securities, any request, demand, authorization,
direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this
Indenture to be given or taken by Holders of Securities of such
series may, alternatively, be embodied in and evidenced by the
record of Holders of Securities of such series voting in favor
thereof, either in person or by proxies duly appointed in 13
writing, at any meeting of Holders of Securities of such series
duly called and held in accordance with the provisions of Article
Fifteen, or a combination of such instruments and any such record.
Except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such action shall
become effective when such instrument or instruments or record or
both are delivered to the Trustee and, where it is hereby expressly
required, to the Company or the Guarantor or to all of them. Such
instrument or instruments and any such record (and the action
embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes
referred to as the "Act" of the Holders signing such instrument or
instruments or so voting at any such meeting. Proof of execution of
any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent, or
of the holding by any Person of a Security, shall be sufficient for
any purpose of this Indenture and conclusive in favor of the
Trustee and the Company, if made in the manner provided in this
Section. The record of any meeting of Holders of Securities shall
be proved in the manner provided in Section 1506. (a) The fact and
date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or
writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such
execution or by a certificate of a notary public or other officer
authorized by law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that
the individual signing such instrument or writing acknowledged to
him the execution thereof. Where such execution is by a signer
acting in a capacity other than his individual capacity, such
certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof of
authority. The fact and date of the execution of any such
instrument or writing, or the authority of the Person executing the
same, may also be proved in any other manner that the Trustee deems
sufficient. (b) The principal amount and serial numbers of
Registered Securities held by any Person, and the date of holding
the same, shall be proved by the Security Register. (c) The
principal amount and serial numbers of Bearer Securities held by
any Person, and the date of holding the same, may be proved by the
production of such Bearer Securities or by a certificate executed,
as depositary, by any trust company, bank, banker or other
depositary, wherever situated, if such certificate shall be deemed
by the Trustee to be satisfactory, showing that at the date therein
mentioned such Person had on deposit with such depositary, or
exhibited to it, the Bearer Securities therein described; or such
facts may be proved by the certificate or affidavit of the Person
holding such Bearer Securities, if such certificate or affidavit is
deemed by the Trustee to be satisfactory. The Trustee, the Company
and the Guarantor may assume that such ownership of any Bearer
Security continues until (1) another certificate or affidavit
bearing a later date issued in respect of the same Bearer Security
is produced, or (2) such Bearer Security is produced to the Trustee
by some other Person, or (3) such Bearer Security is surrendered in
exchange for a Registered Security, or (4) such Bearer Security is
no longer Outstanding. The principal amount and serial numbers of
Bearer Securities held by any Person, and the date of holding the
same, may also be proved in any other manner that the Trustee deems
sufficient. (d) If the Company or the Guarantor shall solicit from
the Holders of Registered Securities any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, the
Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, may, at its option,
in or pursuant to a Board Resolution, fix in advance a record date
for the determination of Holders entitled to give such request,
demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other
Act, but the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be, shall
have no obligation to do so. 14 Notwithstanding TIA Section 316(c),
such record date shall be the record date specified in or pursuant
to such Board Resolution, which shall be a date not earlier than
the date 30 days prior to the first solicitation of Holders
generally in connection therewith and not later than the date such
solicitation is completed. If such a record date is fixed, such
request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver
or other Act may be given before or after such record date, but
only the Holders of record at the close of business on such record
date shall be deemed to be Holders for the purposes of determining
whether Holders of the requisite proportion of Outstanding
Securities have authorized or agreed or consented to such request,
demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other
Act, and for that purpose the Outstanding Securities shall be
computed as of such record date; provided that no such
authorization, agreement or consent by the Holders on such record
date shall be deemed effective unless it shall become effective
pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture not later than eleven
months after the record date. (e) Any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act of
the Holder of any Security shall bind every future Holder of the
same Security and the Holder of every Security issued upon the
registration of transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu
thereof in respect of anything done, omitted or suffered to be done
by the Trustee, any Security Registrar, any Paying Agent, any
Authenticating Agent, or the Company or the Guarantor in reliance
thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such
Security. SECTION 105. Notices, etc. to Trustee, Company or the
Guarantor. Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent, waiver or Act of Holders or other documents provided or
permitted by this Indenture to be made upon, given or furnished to,
or filed with, (1) the Trustee by any Holder or by the Company or
the Guarantor shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if
made, given, furnished or filed in writing to or with the Trustee
at its Corporate Trust Office, Attention: [ ], or (2) the Company
or the Guarantor by the Trustee or by any Holder shall be
sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein
expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first-class postage
prepaid or by overnight delivery service, to the Company or the
Guarantor, as the case may be addressed to it at the address of the
Company's principal office specified in the first paragraph of this
Indenture, to the attention of its General Counsel, or at any other
address previously furnished in writing to the Trustee by the
Company or the Guarantor, as the case may be. SECTION 106. Notice
to Holders; Waiver. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein
or otherwise specified with respect to any series of Securities
pursuant to Section 301, where this Indenture provides for notice
of any event to Holders of Registered Securities by the Company,
the Guarantor or the Trustee, such notice shall be sufficiently
given if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to
each such Holder affected by such event, at his address as it
appears in the Security Register, not later than the latest date,
and not earlier than the earliest date, prescribed for the giving
of such notice. In any case where notice to Holders of Registered
15 Securities is given by mail, neither the failure to mail such
notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed, to any particular
Holder shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to
other Holders of Registered Securities or the sufficiency of any
notice to Holders of Bearer Securities given as provided. Any
notice mailed to a Holder in the manner herein prescribed shall be
conclusively deemed to have been received by such Holder, whether
or not such Holder actually receives such notice. In case, by
reason of the suspension of or irregularities in regular mail
service or by reason of any other cause, it shall be impractical to
mail notice of any event to Holders of Registered Securities when
such notice is required to be given pursuant to any provision of
this Indenture, then any manner of giving such notice as shall be
satisfactory to the Trustee shall be deemed to be sufficient giving
of such notice for every purpose hereunder. Except as otherwise
expressly provided herein or otherwise specified with respect to
any Securities pursuant to Section 301, where this Indenture
provides for notice to Holders of Bearer Securities of any event,
such notice shall be sufficiently given to Holders of Bearer
Securities if published in an Authorized Newspaper in The City of
New York and in such other city or cities as may be specified in
such Securities on a Business Day at least twice, the first such
publication to be not earlier than the earliest date, and not later
than the latest date, prescribed for the giving of such notice. Any
such notice shall be deemed to have been given on the date of such
publication or, if published more than once, on the date of the
first such publication. If by reason of the suspension of
publication of any Authorized Newspaper or Authorized Newspapers or
by reason of any other cause, it shall be impracticable to publish
any notice to Holders of Bearer Securities as provided above, then
such notification to Holders of Bearer Securities as shall be given
with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute sufficient notice
to such Holders for every purpose hereunder. Neither the failure to
give notice by publication to Holders of Bearer Securities as
provided above, nor any defect in any notice so published, shall
affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to other Holders
of Bearer Securities or the sufficiency of any notice to Holders of
Registered Securities given as provided herein. Any request,
demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver
required or permitted under this Indenture shall be in the English
language, except that any published notice may be in an official
language of the country of publication. Where this Indenture
provides for notice in any manner, such notice may be waived in
writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice, either
before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent
of such notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with
the Trustee, but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to
the validity of any action taken in reliance upon such waiver.
SECTION 107. Effect of Headings and Table of Contents. The Article
and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for
convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof. 16
SECTION 108. Successors and Assigns. All covenants and agreements
in this Indenture by the Company shall bind its successors and
assigns, whether so expressed or not. SECTION 109. Separability
Clause. In case any provision in this Indenture or in any Security,
any Guarantee or coupon shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable,
the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining
provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.
SECTION 110. Benefits of Indenture. Nothing in this Indenture or in
the Securities, the Guarantees or coupons, express or implied,
shall give to any Person, other than the parties hereto, any
Authenticating Agent, any Paying Agent, any Securities Registrar
and their successors hereunder and the Holders of Securities or
coupons, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or
claim under this Indenture. SECTION 111. Governing Law. THIS
INDENTURE AND THE SECURITIES AND COUPONS SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND
CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAW OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. THIS
INDENTURE IS SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THE TRUST INDENTURE ACT
THAT ARE REQUIRED TO BE PART OF THIS INDENTURE AND SHALL, TO THE
EXTENT APPLICABLE, BE GOVERNED BY SUCH PROVISIONS. SECTION 112.
Legal Holidays. In any case where any Interest Payment Date,
Redemption Date, Repayment Date, sinking fund payment date or
Stated Maturity or Maturity of any Security shall not be a Business
Day at any Place of Payment, then (notwithstanding any other
provision of this Indenture or of any Security or coupon other than
a provision in the Securities of any series which specifically
states that such provision shall apply in lieu of this Section),
payment of principal (or premium, if any) or interest, if any, need
not be made at such Place of Payment on such date, but may be made
on the next succeeding Business Day at such Place of Payment with
the same force and effect as if made on the Interest Payment Date,
Redemption Date Repayment Date, sinking fund payment date, or at
the Stated Maturity or Maturity; provided that no interest shall
accrue on the amount so payable for the period from and after such
Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date, Repayment Date, sinking
fund payment date, Stated Maturity or Maturity, as the case may be.
SECTION 113. No Recourse. No recourse for the payment of the
principal of or premium, if any, or interest on any Security or any
coupons appertaining thereto, or for any claim based thereon or
otherwise in respect thereof, and no recourse under or upon any
obligation, covenant or agreement of the Company in this Indenture
or in any supplemental indenture, or in any Security or any coupons
appertaining thereto, or because of the creation of any
indebtedness represented thereby, shall be had against any
director, officer, employee, or stockholder as such, past, present
or future, of the Company or any of its Affiliates or any successor
Person of the Company, either directly or through the Company or
any of its Affiliates or any successor Person of the Company,
whether by virtue of any constitution, statute or rule of law, or
by the enforcement of any assessment or penalty or otherwise; it
being expressly understood that all such liability is hereby
expressly waived and released as a condition of, and as a
consideration for, the execution of this Indenture and the issue of
the Securities. 17 SECTION 114. Incorporation by Reference of Trust
Indenture Act. Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the
TIA, the provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part
of this Indenture. The following TIA terms used in this Indenture
have the following meanings: (i) "indenture securities" means the
Securities; (ii) "indenture security Holder" means a Holder of a
Security; (iii) "indenture to be qualified" means this Indenture;
(iv) "indenture trustee" or "institutional trustee" means the
Trustee; and (v) "obligor" on the Securities means the Company and
if applicable, the Guarantor in respect of the Securities and any
successor obligor upon the Securities. All other terms used in this
Indenture that are defined by the TIA, defined by TIA reference to
another statute or defined by SEC rule under the TIA have the
meanings so assigned to them. SECTION 115. Rules of Construction.
Unless the context otherwise requires: (I) a term has the meaning
assigned to it; (II) an accounting term not otherwise defined has
the meaning assigned to it in accordance with GAAP; (III) "or" is
not exclusive; (IV) words in the singular include the plural, and
in the plural include the singular; and (V) provisions apply to
successive events and transactions. ARTICLE TWO SECURITY FORMS
SECTION 201. Forms Generally. The Registered Securities, if any, of
each series and the Bearer Securities, if any, of each series and
related coupons the temporary global Securities of each series, if
any, and the permanent global Securities of each series, if any,
and the Guarantees, if any, to be endorsed thereon shall be in
substantially the forms as shall be established by, or pursuant to
a Board Resolution or, subject to Section 303, set forth in, or
determined in the manner provided in, an Officer's Certificate
pursuant to a Board Resolution of the Company or, in the case of
the Guarantees, the Guarantor, or in one or more indentures
supplemental hereto, in each case with such appropriate insertions,
omissions, substitutions and 18 other variations as are required or
permitted by this Indenture, and may have such letters, numbers or
other marks of identification and such legends or endorsements
placed thereon as may be required to comply with the rules of any
securities exchange or as may, consistently herewith, be determined
by the officers of the Company or the Guarantor, as the case may
be, executing such Securities or coupons, as evidenced by their
execution of the Securities or coupons. If the forms of Securities
or coupons of any series are established by action taken pursuant
to a Board Resolution, a copy of an appropriate record of such
action shall be certified by the Secretary or Assistant Secretary
of the Company, and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the
delivery of the Company Order contemplated by Section 303 for the
authentication and delivery of such Securities or coupons. Any
portion of the text of any Security may be set forth on the reverse
thereof, with an appropriate reference thereto on the face of the
Security. Unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section
301, Securities in bearer form shall have interest coupons
attached. The Trustee's certificate of authentication on all
Securities shall be in substantially the form set forth in this
Article. The definitive Securities and coupons, if any, including
the Guarantees, if any, shall be printed, lithographed or engraved
on steel-engraved borders or may be produced in any other manner,
all as determined by the officers of the Company or the Guarantor,
as the case may be, executing such Securities, coupons or
Guarantees, as evidenced by their execution of such Securities,
coupons or Guarantees. SECTION 202. Form of Trustee's Certificate
of Authentication. Subject to Section 611, the Trustee's
certificate of authentication shall be in substantially the
following form: TRUSTEE'S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION Dated:
____________________ This is one of the Securities of the series
designated therein referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.
The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee By:
____________________________________________ Authorized Officer
SECTION 203. Securities Issuable in Global Form. If Securities of
or within a series are issuable in global form, as specified as
contemplated by Section 301, then, notwithstanding clause (8) of
Section 301, any such Security shall represent such of the
Outstanding Securities of such series as shall be specified therein
and may provide that it shall represent the aggregate amount of
Outstanding Securities of such series from time to time endorsed
thereon and that the aggregate amount of Outstanding Securities of
such series represented thereby may from time to time be increased
or decreased to reflect exchanges. Any 19 endorsement of a Security
in global form to reflect the amount, or any increase or decrease
in the amount, of Outstanding Securities represented thereby shall
be made by the Trustee in such manner and upon instructions given
by such Person or Persons as shall be specified therein or in the
Company Order to be delivered to the Trustee pursuant to Section
303 or Section 304. Subject to the provisions of Section 303 and,
if applicable, Section 304, the Trustee shall deliver and redeliver
any Security in permanent global form in the manner and upon
instructions given by the Person or Persons specified therein or in
the applicable Company Order. If a Company Order pursuant to
Section 303 or Section 304 has been, or simultaneously is,
delivered, any instructions by the Company with respect to
endorsement or delivery or redelivery of a Security in global form
shall be in writing but need not comply with Section 102 and need
not be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel. The provisions of the
last sentence of Section 303 shall apply to any Security
represented by a Security in global form if such Security was never
issued and sold by the Company and the Company delivers to the
Trustee the Security in global form together with written
instructions (which need not comply with Section 102 and need not
be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel) with regard to the
reduction in the principal amount of Securities represented
thereby, together with the written statement contemplated by the
last sentence of Section 303. Notwithstanding any provisions of
Section 307 to the contrary, unless otherwise specified as
contemplated by Section 301, payment of principal of (and premium,
if any) and interest, if any, on any Security in permanent global
form shall be made to the Person or Persons specified therein.
Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 309 and except as
provided in the preceding paragraph, the Company, the Guarantor (if
Guarantees are issued) the Trustee and any agent of the Company,
the Guarantor (if Guarantees are issued), and the Trustee shall
treat as the Holder of such principal amount of Outstanding
Securities represented by a permanent global Security (i), in the
case of a permanent global Security in registered form, the Holder
of such permanent global Security in registered form, or (ii) in
the case of a permanent global Security in bearer form, Euroclear
or Clearstream. ARTICLE THREE THE SECURITIES SECTION 301. Amount
Unlimited; Issuable in Series. The aggregate principal amount of
Securities which may be authenticated and delivered under this
Indenture is unlimited. The Securities may be issued in one or more
series. There shall be established in one or more Board Resolutions
or pursuant to authority granted by one or more Board Resolutions
and, subject to Section 303, set forth in, or determined in the
manner provided in, an Officer's Certificate, or established in one
or more indentures supplemental hereto, prior to the issuance of
Securities of any series, any or all of the following, as
applicable (each of which (except for the matters set forth in
clauses (1), (2) and (17) below), if so provided, may be 20
determined from time to time by the Company with respect to
unissued Securities of the series and set forth in such Securities
of the series when issued from time to time): (1) title of the
Securities of the series (which shall distinguish the Securities of
the series from all other series of Securities) and whether such
Securities are senior or subordinated; (2) any limit upon the
aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the series that may
be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture (except for
Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of
transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of
the series pursuant to Section 304, 305, 306, 906, 1107 or 1305 and
except for any Securities which, pursuant to Section 303, are
deemed never to have been authenticated and delivered hereunder);
(3) the date or dates, or the method by which such date or dates
will be determined or extended, on which the principal of the
Securities of the series is payable; (4) the rate or rates at which
the Securities of the series shall bear interest, if any, or the
method by which such rate or rates shall be determined, the date or
dates from which any such interest shall accrue, or the method by
which such date or dates shall be determined, the Interest Payment
Dates on which such interest shall be payable, the right, if any,
of the Company to defer or extend an Interest Payment Date, and the
Regular Record Date, if any, for the interest payable on any
Registered Security on any Interest Payment Date, or the method by
which such date or dates shall be determined, and the basis upon
which interest shall be calculated if other than on the basis of a
360-day year of twelve 30-day months; (5) the place or places, if
any, other than or in addition to the Borough of Manhattan, The
City of New York, where the principal of (and premium, if any) and
interest, if any, on Securities of the series shall be payable
(which in the case of Bearer Securities shall be outside the United
States), where any Registered Securities of the series may be
surrendered for registration of transfer, where Securities of the
series may be surrendered for exchange, where Securities of the
series that are convertible or exchangeable may be surrendered for
conversion or exchange, as applicable and, if different than the
location specified in Section 106, the place or places where
notices or demands to or upon the Company or, if applicable, the
Guarantor in respect of the Securities of the series and this
Indenture may be served; (6) the period or periods within which,
the price or prices at which, the Currency in which, and other
terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series may be
redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company or a
Holder thereof, if the Company or such Holder is to have that
option; (7) the obligation or right, if any, of the Company to
redeem, repay or purchase Securities of the series pursuant to any
sinking fund or analogous provision or at the option of a Holder
thereof, and the period or periods within which or the date or
dates on which, the price or prices at which, the Currency in
which, and other terms and 21 conditions upon which Securities of
the series shall be redeemed, repaid or purchased, in whole or in
part, pursuant to such obligation; (8) if other than denominations
of $1,000 and

|