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Exhibit 4.2

COMSTOCK RESOURCES, INC.,

THE SUBSIDIARY GUARANTORS NAMED HEREIN

and

THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, N.A.,

as Trustee

 

FIRST SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE

dated as of October 9, 2009

to

INDENTURE

dated as of October 9, 2009

 

8 3 / 8 % Senior Notes due 2017

 


 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Page

 

ARTICLE I. Relation to Original Indenture; Definitions

 

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

Section 1.1 Relation to Indenture

 

 

1

 

Section 1.2 Definitions

 

 

2

 

Section 1.3 General References

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE II. The Series of Securities

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

Section 2.1 Amount of Securities; Multiple Issuances

 

 

2

 

Section 2.2 Form and Dating

 

 

3

 

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE III. Amendment of Certain Definitional Provisions of the Original Indenture

 

 

3

 

 

 

 

 

 

Section 3.1 Amendment of Section 1.1 of the Original Indenture

 

 

3

 

Section 3.2 Amendment of Section 1.2 of the Original Indenture

 

 

27

 

Section 3.3 References to Appendix A

 

 

27

 

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE IV. Amendment and Restatement of Article III of the Original Indenture

 

 

27

 

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE V. Amendment and Restatement of Article IV of the Original Indenture

 

 

29

 

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE VI. Amendment of Certain Provisions of Article V of the Original Indenture

 

 

38

 

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE VII. Amendment and Restatement of Article VII of the Original Indenture

 

 

38

 

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE VIII. Amendment and Restatement of Article VIII of the Original Indenture

 

 

40

 

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE IX. Amendment of Certain Provisions of Article IX of the Original Indenture

 

 

43

 

 

 

 

 

 

Section 9.1 Amendment and Restatement of Section 9.4 of the Original Indenture

 

 

43

 

Section 9.2 Amendment and Restatement of Section 9.5 of the Original Indenture

 

 

43

 

Section 9.3 Additional Covenants

 

 

44

 

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE X. Amendment and Restatement of Article X of the Original Indenture

 

 

58

 

i


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Page

 

ARTICLE XI. Amendment and Restatement of Article XI of the Original Indenture

 

 

61

 

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE XII. Amendment and Restatement of Article XII of the Original Indenture

 

 

65

 

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE XIII. Amendment of Certain Provisions of Article XIII of the Original Indenture

 

 

68

 

 

 

 

 

 

Section 13.1 Amendment and Restatement of Section 13.4 of the Original Indenture

 

 

68

 

Section 13.2 Amendment and Restatement of Section 13.9 of the Original Indenture

 

 

69

 

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE XIV. Miscellaneous

 

 

69

 

 

 

 

 

 

Section 14.1 Governing Law; Trust Indenture Act Controls

 

 

69

 

Section 14.2 Duplicate Originals

 

 

70

 

Section 14.3 Article XIV of the Original Indenture

 

 

70

 

 

 

 

 

 

Appendix A — Provisions Relating to Notes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exhibit 1 to Appendix A — Form of Note

 

 

 

 

ii


 

     THIS FIRST SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE dated as of October 9, 2009 (this “First Supplemental Indenture”), is among COMSTOCK RESOURCES, INC., a Nevada corporation (hereinafter called the “Company”), the SUBSIDIARY GUARANTORS (as defined hereinafter) and THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, N.A., as Trustee (hereinafter called the “Trustee”).

RECITALS OF THE COMPANY

     WHEREAS, the Company, the Subsidiary Guarantors named therein and the Trustee have heretofore entered into an Indenture dated as of October 9, 2009 (the “Original Indenture”);

     WHEREAS, under the Original Indenture, a new series of Securities (as defined in the Original Indenture) may at any time be established by the Board of Directors of the Company, in accordance with the provisions of the Original Indenture, and the terms of such series may be established in an indenture supplemental to the Original Indenture;

     WHEREAS, the Company desires to establish in this First Supplemental Indenture both the form and terms of a series of Securities designated as its 8 3 / 8 % Senior Notes due 2017 (the “Notes”); and

     WHEREAS, the Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this First Supplemental Indenture to provide for the issuance of the Notes, and the Subsidiary Guarantors named herein have duly authorized the execution and delivery of this First Supplemental Indenture to provide for the guarantee of the Notes by the Subsidiary Guarantors as provided in this First Supplemental Indenture;

     WHEREAS, all things necessary have been done to make the Notes, when executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered hereunder, the valid obligations of the Company and to make the Original Indenture, as supplemented by this First Supplemental Indenture (the Original Indenture, as supplemented by this First Supplemental Indenture and as it may from time to time be further supplemented or amended with applicability to the Notes, being referred to herein as the “Indenture”), when executed by the Company and each Subsidiary Guarantor named herein, a valid agreement of the Company and each such Subsidiary Guarantor, in each case in accordance with their respective terms.

     NOW, THEREFORE, THIS FIRST SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE WITNESSETH:

     Each party agrees as follows for the benefit of the other parties and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Notes:

ARTICLE I.

Relation to Original Indenture; Definitions

     Section 1.1 Relation to Indenture . With respect to the Notes, this First Supplemental Indenture constitutes an integral part of the Original Indenture.

     For all purposes of this First Supplemental Indenture:

 


 

     “Appendix A” means Appendix A attached hereto.

     “Company” has the meaning set forth in the preamble hereto.

     “Indenture” has the meaning set forth in the recitals hereto.

     “Trustee” has the meaning set forth in the preamble hereto.

     Section 1.2 Definitions . For all purposes of this First Supplemental Indenture, capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings assigned thereto in the Original Indenture, as supplemented by this First Supplemental Indenture.

     Section 1.3 General References . Unless otherwise specified or unless the context otherwise requires, (i) all references in this First Supplemental Indenture to Articles and Sections refer to the corresponding Articles and Sections of this First Supplemental Indenture and (ii) the terms “herein”, “hereof”, “hereunder”, “hereto” and any other word of similar import refers to this First Supplemental Indenture.

ARTICLE II.

The Series of Securities

     Section 2.1 Amount of Securities; Multiple Issuances .

     Subject to Section 2.3 of the Original Indenture, the Trustee shall authenticate Notes for original issue on the Issue Date in the aggregate principal amount of $300,000,000. Subject to compliance with Section 9.12 of the Indenture, the Company may issue an unlimited amount of Additional Notes from time to time after the Issue Date which shall have identical terms as the Notes issued on the Issue Date, other than with respect to the issue price and the date of issuance. The Notes issued on the Issue Date and any Additional Notes shall be part of the same series of Securities for all purposes of the Indenture.

     With respect to any Additional Notes, there shall be established in or pursuant to a resolution of the Board of Directors and, subject to Section 2.3 of the Indenture, set forth or determined in the manner provided in an Officers’ Certificate, or established in one or more indentures supplemental to the Indenture, prior to the issuance of such Additional Notes:

     (1) the aggregate principal amount of such Additional Notes to be authenticated and delivered;

     (2) the issue price and issuance date of such Additional Notes, including the date from which interest on such Additional Notes shall accrue; and

     (3) if applicable, that such Additional Notes shall be issuable in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Notes and, in such case, the respective depositories for such Global Notes, the form of any legend or legends which shall be borne by any such Global Note in addition to or in lieu of that set forth in Exhibit 1 to Appendix A and any circumstances in addition to or in lieu of those set forth in Section 2.3 of Appendix A in which any such Global Note may be exchanged in whole or in part for Notes registered, and any transfer of such Global

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Note in whole or in part may be registered, in the name or names of Persons other than the depository for such Global Note or a nominee thereof.

     If any of the terms of any Additional Notes are established by action taken pursuant to a resolution of the Board of Directors, a copy of an appropriate record of such action shall be certified by the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Officers’ Certificate or the indenture supplemental hereto setting forth the terms of such issuance.

     Section 2.2 Form and Dating .

     Provisions relating to the Notes are set forth in Appendix A, which is hereby incorporated in and expressly made a part of this First Supplemental Indenture. The Notes and the Trustee’s certificate of authentication shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit 1 to Appendix A which is hereby incorporated in and expressly made a part of this First Supplemental Indenture. The Notes may have notations, legends or endorsements required by law, stock exchange rule, agreements to which the Company is subject, if any, or usage, provided that any such notation, legend or endorsement is in a form reasonably acceptable to the Company. Each Note shall be dated the date of its authentication. The terms of the Notes set forth in Exhibit 1 to Appendix A are part of the terms of this First Supplemental Indenture.

ARTICLE III.

Amendment of Certain Definitional Provisions of
the Original Indenture

     Section 3.1 Amendment of Section 1.1 of the Original Indenture . Solely as it applies to the Notes, Section 1.1 of the Original Indenture is hereby supplemented or superseded, in the case of definitional paragraphs that may be inconsistent, by inserting therein, in alphabetical order, the following definitional paragraphs:

     “Acquired Indebtedness” means Indebtedness of a Person (i) existing at the time such Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary or (ii) assumed in connection with acquisitions of Properties from such Person (other than any Indebtedness incurred in connection with, or in contemplation of, such Person becoming a Restricted Subsidiary or such acquisition). Acquired Indebtedness shall be deemed to be incurred on the date the acquired Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary or the date of the related acquisition of Properties from such Person.

     “Additional Assets” means (i) any Property (other than cash, Cash Equivalents or securities) used in the Oil and Gas Business or any business ancillary thereto, (ii) Investments in any other Person engaged in the Oil and Gas Business or any business ancillary thereto (including the acquisition from third parties of Capital Stock of such Person) as a result of which such other Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary, (iii) the acquisition from third parties of Capital Stock of a Restricted Subsidiary or (iv) Investments pursuant to clause (v) of the definition of “Permitted Investments.”

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     “Additional Notes” means Notes issued from time to time after the Issue Date (other than Notes authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Notes pursuant to Section 2.7, 2.9, 9.16, 9.17 or 10.6 or Appendix A).

     “Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets” means (without duplication), as of the date of determination, the remainder of:

               (i) the sum of:

     (a) discounted future net revenues from proved oil and gas reserves of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries calculated in accordance with Commission guidelines before any state, Federal or foreign income taxes, as estimated by the Company and confirmed by a nationally recognized firm of independent petroleum engineers in a reserve report prepared as of the end of the Company’s most recently completed fiscal year for which audited financial statements are available, as increased by, as of the date of determination, the estimated discounted future net revenues from:

     (1) estimated proved oil and gas reserves acquired since such year-end, which reserves were not reflected in such year-end reserve report, and

     (2) estimated oil and gas reserves attributable to upward revisions of estimates of proved oil and gas reserves since such year-end due to exploration, development or exploitation activities, in each case calculated in accordance with Commission guidelines (utilizing the prices utilized in such year-end reserve report),

and decreased by, as of the date of determination, the estimated discounted future net revenues from:

     (3) estimated proved oil and gas reserves produced or disposed of since such year-end, and

     (4) estimated oil and gas reserves attributable to downward revisions of estimates of proved oil and gas reserves since such year-end due to changes in geological conditions or other factors which would, in accordance with standard industry practice, cause such revisions, in each case calculated in accordance with Commission guidelines (utilizing the prices utilized in such year-end reserve report);

provided that , in the case of each of the determinations made pursuant to clauses (1) through (4), such increases and decreases shall be as estimated by the Company’s petroleum engineers, unless there is a Material Change

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as a result of such acquisitions, dispositions or revisions, in which event the discounted future net revenues utilized for purposes of this clause (i)(a) shall be confirmed in writing by a nationally recognized firm of independent petroleum engineers;

     (b) the capitalized costs that are attributable to oil and gas properties of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries to which no proved oil and gas reserves are attributable, based on the Company’s books and records as of a date no earlier than the date of the Company’s latest annual or quarterly financial statements;

     (c) the Net Working Capital on a date no earlier than the date of the Company’s latest annual or quarterly financial statements; and

     (d) the greater of (1) the net book value on a date no earlier than the date of the Company’s latest annual or quarterly financial statements and (2) the appraised value, as estimated by independent appraisers, of other tangible assets (including, without duplication, Investments in unconsolidated Restricted Subsidiaries) of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, as of a date no earlier than the date of the Company’s latest audited financial statements; minus

               (ii) the sum of:

     (a) minority interests;

     (b) any net gas balancing liabilities of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries reflected in the Company’s latest audited financial statements;

     (c) to the extent included in (i)(a) above, the discounted future net revenues, calculated in accordance with Commission guidelines (utilizing the prices utilized in the Company’s year-end reserve report), attributable to reserves which are required to be delivered to third parties to fully satisfy the obligations of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to Volumetric Production Payments (determined, if applicable, using the schedules specified with respect thereto); and

     (d) the discounted future net revenues, calculated in accordance with Commission guidelines, attributable to reserves subject to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments which, based on the estimates of production and price assumptions included in determining the discounted future net revenues specified in (i)(a) above, would be necessary to fully satisfy the payment obligations of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments (determined, if applicable, using the schedules specified with respect thereto).

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     “Asset Sale” means any sale, issuance, conveyance, transfer, lease or other disposition to any Person other than the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (including, without limitation, by means of a merger or consolidation) (collectively, for purposes of this definition, a “transfer”), directly or indirectly, in one or a series of related transactions, of (i) any Capital Stock of any Restricted Subsidiary, (ii) all or substantially all of the Properties of any division or line of business of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries or (iii) any other Properties of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries other than (a) a transfer of cash, Cash Equivalents, hydrocarbons or other mineral products in the ordinary course of business or (b) any lease, abandonment, disposition, relinquishment or farm-out of any oil and gas Properties in the ordinary course of business. For the purposes of this definition, the term “Asset Sale” also shall not include (a) any transfer of Properties (including Capital Stock) that is governed by, and made in accordance with, the provisions of Article VII hereof; (b) any transfer of Properties to an Unrestricted Subsidiary, if permitted under Section 9.10 hereof; or (c) any transfer (in a single transaction or a series of related transactions) of Properties (including Capital Stock) having a Fair Market Value of less than $25,000,000.

     “Attributable Indebtedness” means, with respect to any particular lease under which any Person is at the time liable and at any date as of which the amount thereof is to be determined, the present value of the total net amount of rent required to be paid by such Person under the lease during the primary term thereof, without giving effect to any renewals at the option of the lessee, discounted from the respective due dates thereof to such date at the rate of interest per annum implicit in the terms of the lease. As used in the preceding sentence, the net amount of rent under any lease for any such period shall mean the sum of rental and other payments required to be paid with respect to such period by the lessee thereunder excluding any amounts required to be paid by such lessee on account of maintenance and repairs, insurance, taxes, assessments, water rates or similar charges. In the case of any lease which is terminable by the lessee upon payment of a penalty, such net amount of rent shall also include the amount of such penalty, but no rent shall be considered as required to be paid under such lease subsequent to the first date upon which it may be so terminated.

     “Average Life” means, with respect to any Indebtedness, as at any date of determination, the quotient obtained by dividing (i) the sum of the products of (a) the number of years (and any portion thereof) from the date of determination to the date or dates of each successive scheduled principal payment (including, without limitation, any sinking fund or mandatory redemption payment requirements) of such Indebtedness multiplied by (b) the amount of each such principal payment by (ii) the sum of all such principal payments.

     “Bank Credit Facility” means that certain Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of December 15, 2006 among the Company, as Borrower, the lenders party thereto from time to time, Bank of Montreal, as Administrative Agent and Issuing Bank, Bank of America, N.A., as Syndication Agent, and Comerica Bank, Fortis Capital Corp. and Union Bank of California, N.A., as Co-Documentation Agents, and together with all related documents executed or delivered pursuant thereto at any time (including,

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without limitation, all mortgages, deeds of trust, guarantees, security agreements and all other collateral and security documents), in each case as such agreements may be amended (including any amendment and restatement thereof), supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, including any agreement or agreements extending the maturity of, refinancing, replacing or otherwise restructuring (including into two or more separate credit facilities, and including increasing the amount of available borrowings thereunder provided that such increase in borrowings is within the definition of “Permitted Indebtedness” or is otherwise permitted under Section 9.12) or adding Subsidiaries as additional borrowers or guarantors thereunder and all or any portion of the Indebtedness and other Obligations under such agreement or agreements or any successor or replacement agreement or agreements, and whether by the same or any other agent(s), lender(s) or group(s) of lenders.

     “Borrowing Base” means, as of any date, the aggregate amount of borrowing availability as of such date under the Bank Credit Facility that determines availability on the basis of a borrowing base or other asset-based calculation.

     “Capitalized Lease Obligation” means any obligation to pay rent or other amounts under a lease of (or other agreement conveying the right to use) any Property that is required to be classified and accounted for as a capital lease obligation under GAAP, and, for the purpose of the Indenture, the amount of such obligation at any date shall be the capitalized amount thereof at such date, determined in accordance with GAAP.

     “Cash Equivalents” means:

     (i) any evidence of Indebtedness with a maturity of 180 days or less issued or directly and fully guaranteed or insured by the United States of America or any agency or instrumentality thereof ( provided that the full faith and credit of the United States of America is pledged in support thereof);

     (ii) demand and time deposits and certificates of deposit or acceptances with a maturity of 180 days or less of any financial institution that is a member of the Federal Reserve System having combined capital and surplus and undivided profits of not less than $500,000,000;

     (iii) commercial paper with a maturity of 180 days or less issued by a corporation that is not an Affiliate of the Company and is organized under the laws of any state of the United States or the District of Columbia and rated at least A-l by S&P or at least P-l by Moody’s;

     (iv) repurchase obligations with a term of not more than seven days for underlying securities of the types described in clause (i) above entered into with any commercial bank meeting the specifications of clause (ii) above;

     (v) overnight bank deposits and bankers’ acceptances at any commercial bank meeting the qualifications specified in clause (ii) above;

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     (vi) deposits available for withdrawal on demand with any commercial bank not meeting the qualifications specified in clause (ii) above but which is a lending bank under the Bank Credit Facility, provided all such deposits do not exceed $5,000,000 in the aggregate at any one time;

     (vii) demand and time deposits and certificates of deposit with any commercial bank organized in the United States not meeting the qualifications specified in clause (ii) above, provided that such deposits and certificates support bond, letter of credit and other similar types of obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business; and

     (viii) investments in money market or other mutual funds substantially all of whose assets comprise securities of the types described in clauses (i) through (v) above.

     “Change of Control” means the occurrence of any event or series of events by which:

     (i) any “person” or “group” (as such terms are used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act), is or becomes the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of more than 50% of the total Voting Stock of the Company;

     (ii) the Company consolidates with or merges into another Person or any Person consolidates with, or merges into, the Company, in any such event pursuant to a transaction in which the outstanding Voting Stock of the Company is changed into or exchanged for cash, securities or other Property, other than any such transaction where (a) the outstanding Voting Stock of the Company is changed into or exchanged for Voting Stock of the surviving or resulting Person that is Qualified Capital Stock and (b) the holders of the Voting Stock of the Company immediately prior to such transaction own, directly or indirectly, not less than a majority of the Voting Stock of the surviving or resulting Person immediately after such transaction;

     (iii) the Company, either individually or in conjunction with one or more Restricted Subsidiaries, sells, assigns, conveys, transfers, leases or otherwise disposes of, or the Restricted Subsidiaries sell, assign, convey, transfer, lease or otherwise dispose of, all or substantially all of the Properties of the Company and such Restricted Subsidiaries, taken as a whole (either in one transaction or a series of related transactions), including Capital Stock of the Restricted Subsidiaries, to any Person (other than the Company or a Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary);

     (iv) during any consecutive two-year period, individuals who at the beginning of such period constituted the Board of Directors of the Company (together with any new directors whose election by such Board of Directors or whose nomination for election by the stockholders of the Company was approved by a vote of 66 2/3% of the directors then still in office who were either directors at the beginning of such period or whose election or nomination for election was

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previously so approved) cease for any reason to constitute a majority of the Board of Directors of the Company then in office; or

     (v) Comstock is liquidated or dissolved.

     “Consolidated Exploration Expenses” means, for any period, exploration expenses of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period as determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP.

     “Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio” means, for any period, the ratio on a pro forma basis of (i) the sum of Consolidated Net Income, Consolidated Interest Expense, Consolidated Income Tax Expense and Consolidated Non-cash Charges each to the extent deducted in computing Consolidated Net Income, in each case, for such period, of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis, all determined in accordance with GAAP, decreased (to the extent included in determining Consolidated Net Income) by the sum of (x) the amount of deferred revenues that are amortized during such period and are attributable to reserves that are subject to Volumetric Production Payments and (y) amounts recorded in accordance with GAAP as repayments of principal and interest pursuant to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments, to (ii) Consolidated Interest Expense for such period; provided, however , that (a) the Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio shall be calculated on a pro forma basis on the assumptions that (a) the Indebtedness to be incurred (and all other Indebtedness incurred after the first day of such period of four full fiscal quarters referred to in Section 9.12(a) hereof through and including the date of determination), and (if applicable) the application of the net proceeds therefrom (and from any other such Indebtedness), including to refinance other Indebtedness, had been incurred on the first day of such four-quarter period and, in the case of Acquired Indebtedness, on the assumption that the related transaction (whether by means of purchase, merger or otherwise) also had occurred on such date with the appropriate adjustments with respect to such acquisition being included in such pro forma calculation and (b) any acquisition or disposition by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of any Properties outside the ordinary course of business, or any repayment of any principal amount of any Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary prior to the Stated Maturity thereof, in either case since the first day of such period of four full fiscal quarters through and including the date of determination, had been consummated on such first day of such four-quarter period, (b) in making such computation, the Consolidated Interest Expense attributable to interest on any Indebtedness required to be computed on a pro forma basis in accordance with Section 9.12(a) hereof and (a) bearing a floating interest rate shall be computed as if the rate in effect on the date of computation had been the applicable rate for the entire period and (b) which was not outstanding during the period for which the computation is being made but which bears, at the option of the Company, a fixed or floating rate of interest, shall be computed by applying, at the option of the Company, either the fixed or floating rate, (c) in making such computation, the Consolidated Interest Expense attributable to interest on any Indebtedness under a revolving credit facility required to be computed on a pro forma basis in accordance with Section 9.12(a) hereof shall be computed based upon the average daily balance of such Indebtedness during the applicable period, provided that such average daily balance shall be reduced by the amount of any repayment of

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Indebtedness under a revolving credit facility during the applicable period, which repayment permanently reduced the commitments or amounts available to be reborrowed under such facility, (d) notwithstanding clauses (b) and (c) of this provision, interest on Indebtedness determined on a fluctuating basis, to the extent such interest is covered by agreements relating to Interest Rate Protection Obligations, shall be deemed to have accrued at the rate per annum resulting after giving effect to the operation of such agreements, (e) in making such calculation, Consolidated Interest Expense shall exclude interest attributable to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments, and (f) if after the first day of the period referred to in clause (i) of this definition the Company has permanently retired any Indebtedness out of the Net Cash Proceeds of the issuance and sale of shares of Qualified Capital Stock of the Company within 30 days of such issuance and sale, Consolidated Interest Expense shall be calculated on a pro forma basis as if such Indebtedness had been retired on the first day of such period.

     “Consolidated Income Tax Expense” means, for any period, the provision for federal, state, local and foreign income taxes (including state franchise taxes accounted for as income taxes in accordance with GAAP) of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period as determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP.

     “Consolidated Interest Expense” means, for any period, without duplication, the sum of (i) the interest expense of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period as determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP, including, without limitation, (a) any amortization of debt discount, (b) the net cost under Interest Rate Protection Obligations (including any amortization of discounts), (c) the interest portion of any deferred payment obligation constituting Indebtedness, (d) all commissions, discounts and other fees and charges owed with respect to letters of credit and bankers’ acceptance financing and (e) all accrued interest, in each case to the extent attributable to such period, (ii) to the extent any Indebtedness of any Person (other than the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary) is guaranteed by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary, the aggregate amount of interest paid (to the extent not accrued in a prior period) or accrued by such other Person during such period attributable to any such Indebtedness, in each case to the extent attributable to that period, (iii) the aggregate amount of the interest component of Capitalized Lease Obligations paid (to the extent not accrued in a prior period), accrued or scheduled to be paid or accrued by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries during such period as determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP and (iv) the aggregate amount of dividends paid (to the extent such dividends are not accrued in a prior period and excluding dividends paid in Qualified Capital Stock) or accrued on Disqualified Capital Stock of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, to the extent such Disqualified Capital Stock is owned by Persons other than the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries, less, to the extent included in any of clauses (i) through (iv), amortization of capitalized debt issuance costs of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries during such period.

     “Consolidated Net Income” means, for any period, the consolidated net income (or loss) of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries for such period as determined in accordance with GAAP, adjusted by excluding:

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     (i) net after-tax extraordinary gains or losses (less all fees and expenses relating thereto);

     (ii) net after-tax gains or losses (less all fees and expenses relating thereto) attributable to Asset Sales;

     (iii) the net income (or net loss) of any Person (other than the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries), in which the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries has an ownership interest, except to the extent of the amount of dividends or other distributions actually paid to the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in cash by such other Person during such period (regardless of whether such cash dividends or distributions are attributable to net income (or net loss) of such Person during such period or during any prior period);

     (iv) the net income (or net loss) of any Person combined with the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries on a “pooling of interests” basis attributable to any period prior to the date of combination;

     (v) the net income of any Restricted Subsidiary to the extent that the declaration or payment of dividends or similar distributions by that Restricted Subsidiary is not at the date of determination permitted, directly or indirectly, by operation of the terms of its charter or any agreement, instrument, judgment, decree, order, statute, rule or governmental regulation applicable to that Restricted Subsidiary or its stockholders;

     (vi) dividends paid in Qualified Capital Stock;

     (vii) income resulting from transfers of assets received by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary from an Unrestricted Subsidiary;

     (viii) Consolidated Exploration Expenses and any write-downs or impairments of non-current assets; and

     (ix) the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principles.

     “Consolidated Net Worth” means, at any date, the consolidated stockholders’ equity of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries less the amount of such stockholders’ equity attributable to Disqualified Capital Stock or treasury stock of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, as determined in accordance with GAAP.

     “Consolidated Non-cash Charges” means, for any period, the aggregate depreciation, depletion, amortization and exploration expense and other non-cash expenses of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries reducing Consolidated Net Income for such period, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP (excluding any such non-cash charge for which an accrual of or reserve for cash charges for any future period is required).

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     “Consolidated Total Indebtedness” means, with respect to the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries as of any date of determination, the aggregate of all Indebtedness of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries as of such date of determination, on a consolidated basis, determined in accordance with GAAP.

     “Disinterested Director” means, with respect to any transaction or series of transactions in respect of which the Board of Directors of the Company is required to deliver a Board Resolution hereunder, a member of the Board of Directors of the Company who does not have any material direct or indirect financial interest (other than an interest arising solely from the beneficial ownership of Capital Stock of the Company) in or with respect to such transaction or series of transactions.

     “Disqualified Capital Stock” means any Capital Stock that, either by its terms, by the terms of any security into which it is convertible or exchangeable or by contract or otherwise, is, or upon the happening of an event or passage of time would be, required to be redeemed or repurchased prior to the final Stated Maturity of the Notes or is redeemable at the option of the holder thereof at any time prior to such final Stated Maturity, or is convertible into or exchangeable for debt securities at any time prior to such final Stated Maturity. For purposes of Section 9.12(a) hereof, Disqualified Capital Stock shall be valued at the greater of its voluntary or involuntary maximum fixed redemption or repurchase price plus accrued and unpaid dividends. For such purposes, the “maximum fixed redemption or repurchase price” of any Disqualified Capital Stock which does not have a fixed redemption or repurchase price shall be calculated in accordance with the terms of such Disqualified Capital Stock as if such Disqualified Capital Stock were redeemed or repurchased on the date of determination, and if such price is based upon, or measured by, the fair market value of such Disqualified Capital Stock, such fair market value shall be determined in good faith by the board of directors of the issuer of such Disqualified Capital Stock; provided, however, that if such Disqualified Capital Stock is not at the date of determination permitted or required to be redeemed or repurchased, the “maximum fixed redemption or repurchase price” shall be the book value of such Disqualified Capital Stock.

     “Dollar-Denominated Production Payments” means production payment obligations of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary recorded as liabilities in accordance with GAAP, together with all undertakings and obligations in connection therewith.

     “Exchanged Properties” means properties or assets used or useful in the Oil and Gas Business received by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary in trade or as a portion of the total consideration for other such properties or assets.

     “Existing Notes Issue Date” means February 25, 2004.

     “First Supplemental Indenture” means the First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of the Issue Date, between the Company and the Trustee, supplementing and amending the Original Indenture as set forth therein.

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     The uncapitalized term “guarantee” means, as applied to any obligation, (i) a guarantee (other than by endorsement of negotiable instruments or documents for collection in the ordinary course of business), direct or indirect, in any manner, of any part or all of such obligation and (ii) an agreement, direct or indirect, contingent or otherwise, the practical effect of which is to assure in any way the payment or performance (or payment of damages in the event of non-performance) of all or any part of such obligation, including, without limiting the foregoing, the payment of amounts drawn down under letters of credit. When used as a verb, “guarantee” has a corresponding meaning.

     “Holder” means a Person in whose name a Note is registered in the Note Register.

     “Indebtedness” means, with respect to any Person, without duplication:

     (i) all liabilities of such Person, contingent or otherwise, for borrowed money or for the deferred purchase price of Property or services (excluding any trade accounts payable and other accrued current liabilities incurred and reserves established in the ordinary course of business) and all liabilities of such Person incurred in connection with any agreement to purchase, redeem, exchange, convert or otherwise acquire for value any Capital Stock of such Person, or any warrants, rights or options to acquire such Capital Stock outstanding on the date of this Indenture or thereafter, if, and to the extent, any of the foregoing would appear as a liability upon a balance sheet of such Person prepared in accordance with GAAP;

     (ii) all obligations of such Person evidenced by bonds, notes, debentures or other similar instruments, if, and to the extent, any of the foregoing would appear as a liability upon a balance sheet of such Person prepared in accordance with GAAP;

     (iii) all obligations of such Person with respect to letters of credit;

     (iv) all indebtedness of such Person created or arising under any conditional sale or other title retention agreement with respect to Property acquired by such Person (even if the rights and remedies of the seller or lender under such agreement in the event of default are limited to repossession or sale of such Property), but excluding trade accounts payable arising and reserves established in the ordinary course of business;

     (v) all Capitalized Lease Obligations of such Person;

     (vi) the Attributable Indebtedness (in excess of any related Capitalized Lease Obligations) related to any Sale/Leaseback Transaction of such Person;

     (vii) all Indebtedness referred to in the preceding clauses of other Persons and all dividends of other Persons, the payment of which is secured by (or for which the holder of such Indebtedness has an existing right, contingent or otherwise, to be secured by) any Lien upon Property (including, without

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limitation, accounts and contract rights) owned by such Person, even though such Person has not assumed or become liable for the payment of such Indebtedness (the amount of such obligation being deemed to be the lesser of the value of such Property or the amount of the obligation so secured);

     (viii) all guarantees by such Person of Indebtedness referred to in this definition (including, with respect to any Production Payment, any warranties or guaranties of production or payment by such Person with respect to such Production Payment but excluding other contractual obligations of such Person with respect to such Production Payment); and

     (ix) all obligations of such Person under or in respect of currency exchange contracts, oil and natural gas price hedging arrangements and Interest Rate Protection Obligations.

     Subject to clause (viii) of the first sentence of this definition, neither Dollar-Denominated Production Payments nor Volumetric Production Payments shall be deemed to be Indebtedness. In addition, Disqualified Capital Stock shall not be deemed to be Indebtedness.

     “Indenture” has the meaning specified in the recitals to the First Supplemental Indenture.

     “Interest Payment Date” means the Stated Maturity of an installment of interest on the Notes.

     “Interest Rate Protection Obligations” means the obligations of any Person pursuant to any arrangement with any other Person whereby, directly or indirectly, such Person is entitled to receive from time to time periodic payments calculated by applying either a floating or a fixed rate of interest on a stated notional amount in exchange for periodic payments made by such Person calculated by applying a fixed or a floating rate of interest on the same notional amount and shall include, without limitation, interest rate swaps, caps, floors, collars and similar agreements or arrangements designed to protect against or manage such Person’s and any of its Subsidiaries’ exposure to fluctuations in interest rates.

     “Investment” means, with respect to any Person, any direct or indirect advance, loan, guarantee of Indebtedness or other extension of credit or capital contribution by such Person to (by means of any transfer of cash or other Property to others or any payment for Property or services for the account or use of others), or any purchase or acquisition by such Person of any Capital Stock, bonds, notes, debentures or other securities (including derivatives) or evidences of Indebtedness issued by, any other Person. In addition, the Fair Market Value of the net assets of any Restricted Subsidiary at the time that such Restricted Subsidiary is designated an Unrestricted Subsidiary shall be deemed to be an “Investment” made by the Company in such Unrestricted Subsidiary at such time. “Investments” shall exclude (i) extensions of trade credit or other advances to customers on commercially reasonable terms in accordance with normal trade practices or otherwise in the ordinary course of business, (ii) Interest Rate Protection

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Obligations entered into in the ordinary course of business or as required by any Permitted Indebtedness or any Indebtedness incurred in compliance with Section 9.12 hereof, but only to the extent that the stated aggregate notional amounts of such Interest Rate Protection Obligations do not exceed 105% of the aggregate principal amount of such Indebtedness to which such Interest Rate Protection Obligations relate and (iii) endorsements of negotiable instruments and documents in the ordinary course of business. If the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary sells or otherwise disposes of any Capital Stock of any direct or indirect Restricted Subsidiary of the Company such that, after giving effect to such sale or disposition, such Person is no longer a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company, the Company will be deemed to have made an Investment on the date of any such sale or disposition equal to the Fair Market Value of the Company’s Investments in such Restricted Subsidiary that were not sold or disposed of.

     “Issue Date” means October 9, 2009, the date on which the Notes were first authenticated and delivered under this Indenture.

     “Leverage Ratio” means with respect to the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries for any period, the ratio of (i) the Consolidated Total Indebtedness of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries as of the last day of such period to (ii) the sum of Consolidated Net Income, Consolidated Interest Expense, Consolidated Income Tax Expense and Consolidated Non-cash Charges each to the extent deducted in computing Consolidated Net Income, in each case, for such period, of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis, all determined in accordance with GAAP, decreased (to the extent included in determining Consolidated Net Income) by the sum of (a) the amount of deferred revenues that are amortized during such period and are attributable to reserves that are subject to Volumetric Production Payments and (b) amounts recorded in accordance with GAAP as repayments of principal and interest pursuant to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments. Calculation of the Leverage Ratio on a pro forma basis shall be made in the manner specified in the definition of “Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio” with respect to pro forma calculations of the Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio.

     “Lien” means any mortgage, charge, pledge, lien (statutory or other), security interest, hypothecation, assignment for security, claim or similar type of encumbrance (including, without limitation, any agreement to give or grant any lease, conditional sale or other title retention agreement having substantially the same economic effect as any of the foregoing) upon or with respect to any Property of any kind. A Person shall be deemed to own subject to a Lien any Property which such Person has acquired or holds subject to the interest of a vendor or lessor under any conditional sale agreement, capital lease or other title retention agreement.

     “Liquid Securities” means securities (i) of an issuer that is not an Affiliate of the Company, (ii) that are publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange, the American Stock Exchange or the Nasdaq National Market and (iii) as to which the Company is not subject to any restrictions on sale or transfer (including any volume restrictions under Rule 144 under the Securities Act or any other restrictions imposed by the Securities Act) or as to which a registration statement under the Securities Act covering the resale thereof is in effect for as long as the securities are held; provided that securities meeting the

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requirements of clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) above shall be treated as Liquid Securities from the date of receipt thereof until and only until the earlier of (a) the date on which such securities are sold or exchanged for cash or Cash Equivalents and (b) 150 days following the date of receipt of such securities. If such securities are not sold or exchanged for cash or Cash Equivalents within 120 days of receipt thereof, for purposes of determining whether the transaction pursuant to which the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary received the securities was in compliance with Section 9.17 hereof, such securities shall be deemed not to have been Liquid Securities at any time.

     “Material Change” means an increase or decrease (except to the extent resulting from changes in prices) of more than 30% during a fiscal quarter in the estimated discounted future net revenues from proved oil and gas reserves of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, calculated in accordance with clause (i)(a) of the definition of Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets; provided, however, that the following will be excluded from the calculation of Material Change: (i) any acquisitions during the quarter of oil and gas reserves with respect to which the Company’s estimate of the discounted future net revenues from proved oil and gas reserves has been confirmed by independent petroleum engineers and (ii) any dispositions of Properties during such quarter that were disposed of in compliance with Section 9.17.

     “Moody’s” means Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or any successor to the rating agency business thereof.

     “Net Available Cash” from an Asset Sale or Sale/Leaseback Transaction means cash proceeds received therefrom (including (i) any cash proceeds received by way of deferred payment of principal pursuant to a note or installment receivable or otherwise, but only as and when received, and (ii) the Fair Market Value of Liquid Securities and Cash Equivalents, and excluding (a) any other consideration received in the form of assumption by the acquiring Person of Indebtedness or other obligations relating to the Property that is the subject of such Asset Sale or Sale/Leaseback Transaction and (b) except to the extent subsequently converted to cash, Cash Equivalents or Liquid Securities within 240 days after such Asset Sale or Sale/Leaseback Transaction, consideration constituting Exchanged Properties or consideration other than as identified in the immediately preceding clauses (i) and (ii)), in each case net of (a) all legal, title and recording expenses, commissions and other fees and expenses incurred, and all federal, state, foreign and local taxes required to be paid or accrued as a liability under GAAP as a consequence of such Asset Sale or Sale/Leaseback Transaction, (b) all payments made on any Indebtedness (but specifically excluding Indebtedness of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries assumed in connection with or in anticipation of such Asset Sale or Sale/Leaseback Transaction) which is secured by any assets subject to such Asset Sale or Sale/Leaseback Transaction, in accordance with the terms of any Lien upon such assets, or which must by its terms, or in order to obtain a necessary consent to such Asset Sale or Sale/Leaseback Transaction or by applicable law, be repaid out of the proceeds from such Asset Sale or Sale/Leaseback Transaction, provided that such payments are made in a manner that results in the permanent reduction in the balance of such Indebtedness and, if applicable, a permanent reduction in any outstanding commitment for future incurrences of Indebtedness thereunder, (c) all distributions and other payments

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required to be made to minority interest holders in Subsidiaries or joint ventures as a result of such Asset Sale or Sale/Leaseback Transaction and (d) the deduction of appropriate amounts to be provided by the seller as a reserve, in accordance with GAAP, against any liabilities associated with the assets disposed of in such Asset Sale or Sale/Leaseback Transaction and retained by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary after such Asset Sale or Sale/Leaseback Transaction; provided, however, that if any consideration for an Asset Sale or Sale/Leaseback Transaction (which would otherwise constitute Net Available Cash) is required to be held in escrow pending determination of whether a purchase price adjustment will be made, such consideration (or any portion thereof) shall become Net Available Cash only at such time as it is released to such Person or its Restricted Subsidiaries from escrow.

     “Net Cash Proceeds” with respect to any issuance or sale of Qualified Capital Stock or other securities, means the cash proceeds of such issuance or sale net of attorneys’ fees, accountants’ fees, underwriters’ or placement agents’ fees, discounts or commissions and brokerage, consultant and other fees and expenses actually incurred in connection with such issuance or sale and net of taxes paid or payable as a result thereof.

     “Net Working Capital” means (i) all current assets of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, less (ii) all current liabilities of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, except current liabilities included in Indebtedness, in each case as set forth in consolidated financial statements of the Company prepared in accordance with GAAP.

     “Non-Recourse Indebtedness” means Indebtedness or that portion of Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary incurred in connection with the acquisition by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary of any Property and as to which (i) the holders of such Indebtedness agree that they will look solely to the Property so acquired and securing such Indebtedness for payment on or in respect of such Indebtedness, and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary (other than an Unrestricted Subsidiary) (a) provides credit support, including any undertaking, agreement or instrument which would constitute Indebtedness, or (b) is directly or indirectly liable for such Indebtedness, and (ii) no default with respect to such Indebtedness would permit (after notice or passage of time or both), according to the terms thereof, any holder of any Indebtedness of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary to declare a default on such Indebtedness or cause the payment thereof to be accelerated or payable prior to its Stated Maturity.

     “Notes” has the meaning specified in the recitals to the First Supplemental Indenture, and includes Additional Notes.

     “Oil and Gas Business” means (i) the acquisition, exploration, development, operation and disposition of interests in oil, gas and other hydrocarbon Properties, (ii) the gathering, marketing, treating, processing, storage, refining, selling and transporting of any production from such interests or Properties, (iii) any business relating to or arising from exploration for or development, production, treatment, processing, storage, refining, transportation or marketing of oil, gas and other minerals and products produced in association therewith and (iv) any activity necessary, appropriate or incidental to the activities described in the foregoing clauses (i) through (iii) of this definition.

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     “Original Indenture” has the meaning specified in the recitals to the First Supplemental Indenture.

     “Outstanding,” when used with respect to Notes, means, as of the date of determination, all Notes theretofore authenticated and delivered under this Indenture, except:

     (i) Notes theretofore canceled by the Trustee or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation;

     (ii) Notes, or portions thereof, for whose payment or redemption money in the necessary amount has been theretofore deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent (other than the Company) in trust or set aside and segregated in trust by the Company (if the Company shall act as its own Paying Agent) for the Holders of such Notes, provided that, if such Notes are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly given pursuant to this Indenture or provision therefor satisfactory to the Trustee has been made;

     (iii) Notes, except to the extent provided in Sections 11.2 and 11.3 hereof, with respect to which the Company has effected legal defeasance or covenant defeasance as provided in Article XI hereof; and

     (iv) Notes which have been replaced pursuant to Section 2.7 hereof or in exchange for or in lieu of which other Notes have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to this Indenture, other than any such Notes in respect of which there shall have been presented to the Trustee proof satisfactory to it that such Notes are held by a bona fide purchaser in whose hands the Notes are valid obligations of the Company;

provided, however , that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount of Outstanding Notes have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, consent, notice or waiver hereunder, and for the purpose of making the calculations required by TIA Section 313, Notes owned by the Company, any Subsidiary Guarantor or any other obligor upon the Notes or any Affiliate of the Company, any Subsidiary Guarantor or such other obligor shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except that, in determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in making such calculation or in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, consent, notice or waiver, only Notes which the Trustee knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded. Notes so owned which have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right so to act with respect to such Notes and that the pledgee is not the Company, any Subsidiary Guarantor or any other obligor upon the Notes or any Affiliate of the Company, any Subsidiary Guarantor or such other obligor.

     “Permitted Indebtedness” means any of the following:

     (i) Priority Credit Facility Debt in an aggregate amount at any one time outstanding not to exceed the greater of (a) the Borrowing Base under the

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Bank Credit Facility at such time less the sum of all repayments of principal of Priority Credit Facility Debt made pursuant to Section 9.17 hereof and (b) 25% of Adjusted Consolidated Net Tangible Assets; provided, however , that Indebtedness and Disqualified Capital Stock of Restricted Subsidiaries that are not Subsidiary Guarantors shall not at any time constitute more than 50% of all Priority Credit Facility Debt otherwise permitted under this clause (i);

     (ii) Indebtedness under the Notes (excluding any Additional Notes);

     (iii) Indebtedness outstanding or in effect on the Issue Date (and not repaid or defeased with the proceeds of the offering of the Notes);

     (iv) obligations pursuant to Interest Rate Protection Obligations, but only to the extent such obligations do not exceed 105% of the aggregate principal amount of the Indebtedness covered by such Interest Rate Protection Obligations; obligations under currency exchange contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business; hedging arrangements entered into in the ordinary course of business for the purpose of protecting production, purchases and resales against fluctuations in oil or natural gas prices; and any guarantee of any of the foregoing;

     (v) the Subsidiary Guarantees (and any assumption of the obligations guaranteed thereby);

     (vi) Indebtedness of the Company owing to and held by a Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary, and Indebtedness of any Restricted Subsidiary owing to and held by the Company or a Wholly Owned Restricted Subsidiary;

     (vii) Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness and any guarantee thereof;

     (viii) Non-Recourse Indebtedness;

     (ix) in kind obligations relating to net oil or gas balancing positions arising in the ordinary course of business;

     (x) Indebtedness in respect of bid, performance or surety bonds issued for the account of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in the ordinary course of business, including guaranties and letters of credit supporting such bid, performance or surety obligations (in each case other than for an obligation for money borrowed); and

     (xi) any additional Indebtedness in an aggregate principal amount not in excess of $50,000,000 at any one time outstanding and any guarantee thereof.

     “Permitted Investments” means any of the following:

     (i) Investments in Cash Equivalents;

     (ii) Investments in property, plant and equipment used in the ordinary course of business;

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     (iii) Investments in the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries;

     (iv) Investments by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries in another Person, if (a) as a result of such Investment (x) such other Person becomes a Restricted Subsidiary or (y) such other Person is merged or consolidated with or into, or transfers or conveys all or substantially all of its Properties to, the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary and (b) such other Person is primarily engaged in the Oil and Gas Business;

     (v) entry into operating agreements, joint ventures, partnership agreements, working interests, royalty interests, mineral leases, processing agreements, farm-out agreements, contracts for the sale, transportation or exchange of oil and natural gas, unitization agreements, pooling arrangements, area of mutual interest agreements or other similar or customary agreements, transactions, Properties, interests or arrangements, and Investments and expenditures in connection therewith or pursuant thereto, in each case made or entered into in the ordinary course of the Oil and Gas Business;

     (vi) entry into any hedging arrangements in the ordinary course of business for the purpose of protecting the Company’s or any Restricted Subsidiary’s production, purchases and resales against fluctuations in oil or natural gas prices;

     (vii) entry into any currency exchange contract in the ordinary course of business;

     (viii) Investments in stock, obligations or securities received in settlement of debts owing to the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary as a result of bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings or upon the foreclosure, perfection or enforcement of any Lien in favor of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary, in


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